Poultry Industry and Nutrition Flashcards
who is most efficient feed converters of all livestock?
poultry
poultry feed mainly derived from:
cereals and legumes
why is poultry well suited for production
- high feed conversion rates
- rapid rate of reproduction
poultry feed has high requirements for:
and have no tolerance for:
high protein and energy
no tolerance for high fiber
where are the most broilers produced?
mid eastern/southeastern US
broiler production type of system?
attain market weight in how long?
all in, all out system
market weight in 6-7 weeks
broiler nutrition
water, energy, protein, essential AA, minerals, vitamins
does water consumption increase or decrease with:
-age
-high temps
increases with high temp & age
energy supplied by:
-limited ability to digest ?
grains, by products, fats - corn is most common
limited ability to digest fiber
Cereals in poultry feeding
-what is most impt?
CORN, oats/barley cannot replace corn
fats in poultry diet
(3 reasons to add)
increase E levels of feed, increase palatability, decrease dust and improve texture
proteins must supply what for the poultry
balance for what content
essential AA
balance for AA content rather than CP content
most relevant AA for poultry
and best sources
METHIONINE
-found in soybean meal, canola meal and blood/fish meal
mineral and vitamins in poultry
-what mineral is impt for laying hens
-are they normally supplied in premixes in pelleted diets?
calcium!!
yes, normally found there
what vitamin is overfed
P
is majority of protein fed digestible?
no, not digestible and contain excess AA
excess protein:
excreted as AA or uric acid
what minerals are fed for growth purpose
Cu and Zn
what feed has more nutrients/vol
not acceptable for who?
pelleted feeds because higher intake of nutrients
not acceptable for young animals
3 different forms of manufactured feed
which reduces wasting
mash, crumble, pellet
pellet reduces wasting
3 diff phases of broilers
changes through phases
starter, grower, finisher
protein content decreases as gets bigger
AA content decreases as gets bigger
feed structure
phase feeding
uses specific feeds to meet the changing requirements of poultry during life *IMPT in laying hens
chicks week 0-6 have what % protein
how is it fed
18-20%
as a mash
weeks 6-20
what happens to protein % and shift to what type of feed?
protein % decreases as get older
shift from mash to pellet
4 factors affecting feed consumption
egg production and size
body size
health status
temperature
laying hens:
what is lower to decrease wet droppings?
what is impt for proper egg shell formation?
first limiting AA?
lower salt in ration
CALCIUM
METIONINE
induced molting
withdrawl of food at end of first egg laying phase
method of maximizing egg production and quality
Turkeys:
diets differ in 2 major things
protein levels and vitamin composition
turkey pre starter rations have high levels of ?? (2)
antibiotics and protein
toms have more or less protein req?
more!!
as turkeys age, their feed requirements for
E ?
protein ?
E increase
protein decrease
