Poultry Disease Flashcards
How is ILT treated?
if early in the outbreak, can vaccinate them.
can give antimicrobials to prevent secondary infections
prevent: vaccination and dont allow extra traffic into poultry barn
1 day old: eye drop
OR water/spray vaccine
**make sure you vaccinate all birds
infectious bronchitis is a coronavirus. what clinical signs does it cause?
drop in egg production and reduced shell quality
a small turkey flock is having issues where the turkey’s have “swollen faces”. dx?
mycoplasma gallisepticum
mycoplasma usually presnts as respiratory or
arthritis
which strains of HPAI are reportable?
H5 and H7
newcastle disease causes what in humans?
conjunctivitis
newcastle disease is classified in different “forms” which are
lentogenic, mesogenic, velogenic (in order of best to worst)
what kind of virus is HPAI?
orthomyxovirus
if you suspect HPAI, how can you diagnose?q
PCR (RT-PCR)
how to prevent HPAI?
there is NO VACCINE so just good bioseucrity
what kind of lesions are present on PM for HPAI?
hemorrhage and necrosis of different organs. not specific and not that helpful.
what wild bird gets newcastle disease
pigeons
can you vaccinate for newcastle?
YES!!!
ILT is what kind of virus?
alpha herpesvirus
chickens presenting for dyspnea, “almond eye”, gasping, open mouth breathing, and blood coming from the mouth. ddx? treatment?
ILT! birds will clear it 1-3 weeks.
you take samples from chickens that you think have ILT. when you do histo, what will confirm your suspicions?
intranuclear inclusion bodies, multinucleated giant cells (syncitial cells)
a new chicken farmer calls you on the phone and asks you how they can prevent and manage ILT in their flock of chickens. you say
there is 2 kinds of vaccines
one hatchery vaccine given 18 days in ovo that also protects against marek’s disease (not an option for small flock)
eye drop vaccine to be given during an outbreak to reduce shedding
why is chlamydia a reportable disease in poultry?
because of the zoonosis
often presents as sick workers from turkey processing plants
how to diagnose chlamydia on histo?
intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies (very hard to culture)
what antibiotics can be given to birds with chlamydia?
tetracyclines
yellow/green droppings, conjunctivitis, pneumonia.
chlamydia
avian encephalitis is casued by
picornavirus
very young chickens with neurological signs, think
avian encephalitis
a flock of chickens is experiencing the following: young birds have neurologic signs and the older birds have dropped in egg production but have no other signs. ddx?
for the young birds: avian encephalitis, other ddx selenium deficiency, marek’s, toxicosis
older birds: avian encephalitis, HPAI, NCD, bronchitis, feed mixing error
how do you control avian encephalitis?
live vaccine of breeders and layer flock around 10-12 weeks, either by water or web wing stick
mycobacterium avium is also known as
avian tuberculosis
mycobacterium requires what stain
acid fast
mycobacterium (avian TB) causes what lesions
granulomas, emaciated chronic wasting birds, no body fat, atrophied muscles
what are the 2 forms of fowl pox?
dry: skin lesions, usually resolve on their own
wet: systemic, usually kills
best way to prevent fowl pox?
vaccination:
wing web in chickens
thigh stick in turkeys
mosquito control
infectious bronchitis is caused by
a coronavirus
infectious broncitid affects what 3 systems?
respiratory, renal, reproductive
what’s the big difference between IB and ILT?
with IB there is a drop in egg production AND reduced egg quality
a flock of chickens is experiencing decreased egg production and the eggs seem to be “wrinkled”. Some birds are also gasping for air, have nasal discharge, are sneezing, and some have watery diarrhea with excessive urates. what disease is this?
infectious bronchitis
the 3 resp diseases of chickens that often look alike are
infectious bronchitis, Newcastle disease and infectious laryngotracheitis.
how can a farmer prevent infectious bronchtis in his chicken flock?
biosecurity/all in all out flock
vaccinate layers and breeders with killed vaccine many times before they lay, around 18 weeks of age
vaccinate broilers at the hatchery via droplet spray and then revaccinated at around 2-3 weeks old.
**usually given in combo with NCD vaccine
what is infectious coryza?
hemophilus (avibacterium) paragallinarium
ONLY HAPPENS IN CHICKENS
a flock of chickens is experiencing redued egg production, reduced feed consumption, oculonasal discharge, efema of the face and eyelids. On necropsy, one of the chickens has sinuses filled with cheesy exudate. dddx?
infectious coryza (avibacterium paragallinarium)
best way to control infectious coryza?
all in all out, good biosecurity, cull the flock and start again to eradicate the bacteria
round “fried-egg” colonies in culture are associated with
mycoplasma gallisepticum
how is mycoplasma controlled??
vaccinate chickens but do NOT vaccinate turkeys it will kill them
turkey coryza is caused by
bordetella avium, also called “racoon eye”
young turkeys presenting for voice change, dirty shoulders, swollen sinuses, facial swolling. this farm mizes old and young turkeys. ddx?
bordetella avium/ turkey coryza
