Equine Neuro Flashcards
young horses
large fast growing breeds
ataxia worse in hind end
wobblers/cervical vertebral malformation
explain how equine herpes can cause encephalitis
EHV-1 causes resp disease and can then mutate to a wild type that causes encephalitis
“sleeping sickness”: head pressing, blindness, circling, seizures, coma
spread by mosquitos
Ddx: mononoclear pleocytosis CSF and serology
very poor prognosis
equine encephalitis (eastern, western, and venezulans)
EPM is spread by and caused by?
sarcocystis neurona (or neospora hughesi), opossums
falling asleep while standing, leaning backwards
psudeo narcolepsy/sleep deprevation
if you suspect EPM and your antibody test comes back +, what does that mean?
it means the horse is exposed but doesnt mean its diseased. most horses are exposed but dont get EPM. Need to do CSF titres
affects horses in summer and fall
C/S: muscle fasiculations of the head and neck
most horses recover
spread by mosquitoes
WEst Nile virus
EPM treatment
Ponazuril
which cranial nerves can be affected by cauda equina?
3 (depressed PLRs), 5 (masseter atrophy), 7 (tongue weakness), 8 (head tilt), 9/10 (difficult swallowing)
older horses
muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, NO ATAXIA
need biopsy to diagnose
equine motor neuron disease
stiff gait, 3rd eyelid prolapse, hyperesthesia, lock jaw,
tetanus
risks: silage or round bales
systemic flaccid paralysis, progressive weakness, dysphagia
botulism
equine degenerative myeloencephalopathy (EDM) is caused by
vitamin E deficinecy & genetics
usually YOUNG horses
symmetric ataxia of all legs
not responsive to treatment
EDM
which form of equine encephalitis can be zoonotic?
VEE
