Posture

Question 1

What is Lordosis?

Answer 1

The exaggerates curve in the lumbar spine, almost always accompanied by an anterior tilt of the pelvis. Lordosis can occur with or without kyphosis.

Question 2

What is Kyphosis?

Answer 2

The exaggerates curve in the thoracic spine. It appears slouchy and rounded in the upper back and shoulders.

Question 3

What is flat back?

Answer 3

The spine presents with minimal curves. The spine gets limited benefits from the shock absorbing, load counterbalancing curves.

Question 4

What is sway back?

Answer 4

The pelvis is tilted forward and pressed In front of your head line. This causes an exaggerated inward curve in your lower back and sometimes a rounding in the thoracic spine to counterbalance load.

Question 5

What is Scoliosis?

Answer 5

Lateral curvature (sideways) of the spine which is greater than 10 degrees as measured on an x-ray. Head may not be centred over the body. One shoulder may appear higher. One shoulder blade may stick out further. Ribs may be higher at one side when bending forward from the waist. Waistline may be flat on one side. One hip maybe appear higher.

Question 6

What are the overactive muscles in an anterior tilt in the Pelvis?

Answer 6

Erector spinae,QL, hip flexes and Quads.

Question 7

What are the under active muscles in an anterior tilt of the pelvis?

Answer 7

Abdominal muscles and hamstrings

Question 8

What are the overactive muscles in a posterior tilt of the pelvis?

Answer 8

Abdominal muscles and hamstrings.

Question 9

What are the under active muscles of a posterior tilt in the pelvis?

Answer 9

Quads, hip flexes, erector spinae and QL

Question 10

Forward head posture means which muscles are tight?

Answer 10

Upper trapezius, levator scapula and pectorals.

Question 11

Forward head posture means which muscles are weak?

Answer 11

Deep neck flexes, lower traps and serratus anterior.

Question 12

What causes a winging scapula?

Answer 12

Tight pec minor, weak serratus anterior and flat thoracic spine.

Question 13

What is genu valgum?

Answer 13

Knock knees- The legs tilt inwards at the knees due to the femur angle in the hip. However the feet remain spaced apart.

Question 14

What is genu Varum?

Answer 14

Bow legs. The legs curve outward from the knees whilst the feet and ankles touch.

Question 15

What is pronation?

Answer 15

It occurs when a person carries weight on the inside of the foot. Associated with knock knees. The heel bone angles inwards and the arch collapses.

Question 16

What is a neutral ankle/foot position?

Answer 16

Weight is carried through the midpoint on the heel. Arch is normal.

Question 17

What is supination?

Answer 17

Occurs when a person carries weight on the outside of the foot. Usually associated with bow legs. The heel bone angels outward and the arch is higher.

Question 18

What is negative cascade?

Answer 18

When the foot rolls too far inwards or outwards, it causes twisting in the lower leg. This will cause abnormal stress and strain through muscles, ligaments and tendons of the knee, hip, ankle, lower back, lower spine and up through the head and can cause damage.