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paediatrics > postnatal development > Flashcards

postnatal development Flashcards

1
Q

9 developmental stages

A

1- prenatal
2- infancy and toddlerhood
3- early childhood
4- middle childhood
5- adolescence
6-late adulthood
7- death and dying

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2
Q

Age stage terminology for
1- prenatal
2-infancy
3- toddler
4- early childhood

A

1- embryonic stage: conception to 8wks
fetal stage: 8 wks to birth
2- neonatal: birth to 22days
birth to onset of walking
3- 1-4y/o
4- infancy to 7 y/o

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3
Q

Developmental directions

A
  • cephalocaudally (head to feet)
  • proximaldistal
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4
Q

Motor dev characteristics

A
  • in a predictable sequence
  • at a variable rate
  • as a continuous process
  • from simple to complex
  • from general to specific
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5
Q

sensory and motor dev by age 1

A
  • mouthing (exploring objects)
  • pull up ta a stand
  • cruise (walking with help)
  • grasping (pincer grip)
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6
Q

physical dev by age 1

A
  • grown taller
  • gotten heavier (x3 birth weight)
  • big heads
  • few teeth
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7
Q

Hourglass: model of motor dev

A

4 mvt phases that impact our lifelong daily living utilization, lifelong recreational utilization and life long competitive utilization

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8
Q

4 mvt phases of the hourglass model

A

1- reflexive mvt
2- rudimentary mvt
3- fundamental mvt
4- specialized mvt

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9
Q

Mountain of motor dev

A

non linear concept
braver les echelon de lapprentissage
unique to everyone

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10
Q

stages of the mountain of motor dev

A

-reflexive
- preadapted
- fundamental
- context specific
- skillful

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11
Q

classification of the motor aspect of movement and motor skills

A
  • gross skills
  • fine skills
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12
Q

classification of the environmental aspect of movement and motor skills

A
  • Open KC
  • closed KC
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13
Q

classification of the temporal aspect of movement and motor skills

A
  • discreet
  • serial
  • continuous
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14
Q

classification of the functional aspect of movement and motor skills

A
  • stability (static and dynamic body balance)
  • locomotor
    ( body transportation)
  • manipulative
    ( imparting force on or receiving force from an object)
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15
Q

Phases of mvt/ Motor dev

A

1- reflexive
involuntary sub cortically controlled mvt in utero and early infancy
2- RUDIMENTARY
mvt of infancy influences by maturation
3- FUNDAMENTAL
basic mvt skills of childhood

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16
Q

fundamental mvt dev stages

A

1- INITIAL STAGE
- walking with short steps
2- ELEMENTARY STAGE
- walking heel to toe
3- MATURE STAGE
- reflexive arm swing

  • from low to high quality mvt)
17
Q

GROSS motor skills

A
  • skills using the large muscle groups
  • used in locomotion
18
Q

Predictable sequence of activities

A

roll over -> crawl -> walk
sit up ->stand -> run

19
Q

FINE MOTOR SKILLS

A

skills involving small muscles in manipulation

20
Q

landmarks of dev hand control

A

At birth: grasping reflexive
3Months: grasping becomes voluntary
9-12 months: pincer grasp

21
Q

Phases of mvt for stability

A

Reflexive: labyrinthine, body righting
Rudimentary: control of head and neck
unsupported sitting/standing
FUNDAMENTAL
- balancing on one foot

22
Q

Phases of mvt for locomotion

A

REFLEXIVE:
-crawling reflex
-primary stepping reflex
RUDIMENTARY
-crawling
-upright gait
FUNDAMENTAL
- walking, running, jumping

23
Q

Phases of mvt for manipulation

A

REFLEXIVE
- palmar grasp
- pull up
RUDIMENTARY
- reaching, grasping, releasing
FUNDAMENTAL
- throwing
- catching
- kicking

24
Q

definition: Plasticity

A

the degree to which a developing structure or behavior is modifiable due to experience

25
Q

Piagets theory of stages of cognitive dev

A

birth - 2y/o: Sensorimotor
2-6/7y/0: preoperational
7-11:concrete operational
12+: formal operational

26
Q

3 basic aspects of memory

A

ENCODING: info is recorded into a form usable for memories
STORAGE: placement of information into memory
RETRIEVAL: how info is retrieved from memories

27
Q

Bayley scales of infant development

A

(2-42months)
- Mental scale
- Motor scale
- behaviour scale

28
Q

Erik erirksons stages of psychosocial dev

A

INFANCY: trust vs mistrust
EARLY CHILDHOOD: autonomy vs shame and doubt
PRESCOOL: initiative vs guilt
SCHOOL AGE: Industry vs inferiority
ADOLESCENT*: identity vs isolation
YOUNG ADULTHOOD: intimacy vs isolation
MIDDLE ADULTHOOD: generatively vs stagnation
MATURITY: ego integrity vs despair

29
Q

imp events + outcome of trust vs mistrust

A

event: feeling
outcome: hope

30
Q

Imp events + outcome of autonomy vs shame and doubt

A

events: toilet training
outcome: will

31
Q

Imp events + outcome of initiative vs guilt

A

event: exploration
outcome: purpose

32
Q

Imp events + outcome of industry vs inferiority

A

event: school
outcome: confidence
(fail = feel not good enough)

33
Q

Imp events + outcome of identity vs isolation

A
  • very imp stage
    event: social relationships
    outcome: fidelity
    fail: no identity and dont know what to do later on
34
Q

Imp events + outcome of intimacy vs isolation

A

event: relationship
outcome: love
(can be impacted by previous stages)

35
Q

Imp events + outcome of generatively vs stagnation

A

event: work and parenthood
outcome: care
fail: midlife crisis

36
Q

Imp events + outcome of ego integrity vs despair

A

event : reflect on life
outcome wisdom

37
Q

havighurts three sources for developmental tasks

A

1- physical maturation
learning to walk, control of bowel, behaving
2- Personal values
- choosing occupation, figuring out outlook on life
3- Pressure of society
- learning to read, responsible citizen

38
Q
A

paediatrics (19 decks)

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