child & adolescent obesity

Question 1

factor of obesity

Answer 1

• weight-related issue
  obesity, physical inactivity, eating disorder
• idv characteristic
  PA attitude, emotional
• familial influences
  parental support, family meals
• peer influences
  peer support, weight teasing
• scholl & other institutional factors
  school health facilities, educational programs
• community factors
  youth dev programs, parks
• societal factors
  weight discrimination, norms, policies, media

Question 2

causes of childhood obesity

Answer 2

problematic social trends
- inc use of motorized transport
- dec opportunities fro rec PA
- inc sedentary recreation
- 24/7 TV
- inc quantity and variety of energy-dense foods available
- inc promotion and marketing of energy-dense foods
- inc frequency and opportunities to purchase food
- inc use of restaurant and fast food
- larger portions
- inc number eating occasions
- water being replaced

Question 3

critical periods

Answer 3

dev stages where physiological alterations inc risk of obesity
1- prenatal
2- adiposity rebound
(5.5 y/o or earlier is associated with inc risk of adult obesity)
3- adolescence

Question 4

pregnant and obese

Answer 4

• larger babies (track into adulthood0
• excessive gestational weight = inc maternal postpartum weight retention
• maternal and fetal health compromised
  mom inc risk diabetes, T2D, CVD
  baby inc risk obesity & CVD

Question 5

obesity causes in the family

Answer 5

• significant driver of childhood overweight/obese (genetic, social factors)
• parental obesity
• family meals
• family PA patterns
• family lifestyle

Question 6

obesity causes at school

Answer 6

-PE
- food env
- school lunch programs
- weight-based teasing

Question 7

ado risk of increasing risk of obesity

Answer 7

• change in diet and behaviour
• puberty
• change in quantity and distribution of fat
• decrease in PA
• decrease fitness

Question 8

consequences of excess sugar sweetened beverages

Answer 8

• increased energy intake
• high fructose syrup
• inc lipogenesis
• inhibit satiety signal
• reduces EE
• increase risk of weight gain

Question 9

how municipalities can ensure micro-env provide and encourage healthy food choices

Answer 9

• physical (what is available)
• communication (ads)
• economic (cost of food)
• social (beliefs and values)
• political ( policies)

Question 10

what is microbiota involved in

Answer 10

• control of body weight
• energy homeostasis
• inflammation

Question 11

consequences of obesity

Answer 11

• poor self-esteem
• depression
• ED
• asthma
• forearm fracture
• hypertension
• T2D
• precocious puberty