Posterior abdominal wall Flashcards
describe the fascia of the abdominal wall
- continuous with that of pelvis
- lies between the peritoneum and the muscles of abdominal wall
- named after muscles it overlies
in the inguinal region, the fascia extends to form what
femoral sheath that surrounds the femoral artery and vein
does the femoral nerve lie within the femoral sheath
no: vessels inside, nerve outside
the transversalis fascia continues as what layer of the spermatic cord and scrotum
internal spermatic fascia
after the arcuate line, what lies behind the rectus abdominis
transversalis fascia
what is the name of the quadrangular muscle that lies in the lumbar region
quadratus lumborum
what are the attachments of quadratus lumborum
iliac crest to 12th rib and L1-4 transverse processes
what is the function of quadratus lumborum
bends trunk to same side (one used) - lateral flexion
supports abdominal wall (both) - pressure, forced expiration and support for 12th rib
what is the nerve supply of quadratus lumborum
T12 - L4 anterior rami
the fascia over quadratus lumborum is thickened near the diaphragm to form what ligament
lateral arcuate ligament
what are the attachments of iliacus
iliac fossa of the pelvis and then joins with psoas muscle to become iliopsoas and attach to lesser trochanter of femur
what is the attachment of the iliopsoas
lesser trochanter of femur
what is the function of iliopsoas
flex hip
what is the innervation of iliacus
femoral nerve (L2-4)
what are the roots of the femoral nerve
L2-4
what are the attachments of psoas
superficial: T12-L4 vertebral bodies and IVDs
deep: L1-L5
to join iliacus as iliopsoas and attach to lesser trochanter of femur
what is the function of psoas
as iliopsoas: flex hip
superiorly - bend trunk laterally (one) or raise trunk from supine (both)
what is the innervation of psoas
direct branches of L2 - L4 anterior rami
what is the psoas minor
long tendon anterior to psoas major
the fascia over the psoas is thickened near the diaphragm to form what ligament
medial arcuate ligament
what other muscles contribute to the posterior abdominal wall
transversus abdominis
crura of diaphragm
what is the attachments of the right crus of the diaphragm
vertebral bodies L1 - L3
what is the attachments of the left crus of the diaphragm
vertebral bodies L1 and L2
when does the aorta enter the abdomen
T12 through aortic hiatus
level of celiac axis
T12
level of SMA
L1
level of IMA
L3
what level does the aorta bifurcate and into what
L4
into right and left common iliac arteries
what branches of the abdominal aorta supply the body wall
lumbar (L1-4)
median sacral
the abdominal aorta gives what branch to the diaphragm
inferior phrenic
lateral sacral arteries are a branch of what
internal iliac arteries
when do the common iliac arteries divide into internal and external
at pelvic brim
where does the internal iliac artery go
enters the pelvis
the common iliac artery follows what muscle after the bifurcation of the aorta
follows the medial border of the psoas muscle to the pelvic brim
what muscle does the external iliac artery follow
iliopsoas muscle
just before leaving the abdominal cavity the external iliac artery gives rise to what
inferior epigastric artery and deep circumflex artery which supply anterolateral abdominal wall
level of renal artery
L1
level of suprarenal artery
L1
level of gonadal artery
anterolateral surface at L2
at what level does the inferior vena cava form and from what
L5 from union of right and left common iliac veins
slightly to right of median plane
the IVC drains blood from where
posterior abdominal wall, kidneys and suprarenal glands (+ hepatic veins)
the IVC drains blood to where
right atrium
blood from the gut drains where
portal system
how does blood from the gut get to the IVC
blood from portal system passes through the liver before entering IVC via hepatic veins
where does the IVC peirce the diaphragm
T8
where does the left gonadal vein drain
left renal vein