Posterior Abdomen Flashcards
Psoas Major
O-Lumbar vertebrae; intervertebral discs
I- Lesser trochanter of femur
A- Flexes thigh and trunk
N- L2-L4 via Lumbar Plexus
Psoas Minor
O- T12-L1; intervertebral discs
I- Iliopubic eminence
A- Weak flexor of trunk
N-L1
Iliacus
O-Iliac fossa
I- Lesser trochanter (via Illiopsoas tendon)
A- Flexes thigh and trunk
N- L2-L4 (femoral nerve)
Median arcuate ligament
Unites the Right and left cura; connects the cura anterior to the aorta
Medial arcuate ligament
Superior thickening of the psoas fascia
Lateral Arcuate Ligament
Superior thickening of the quadratus lumborum fascia
Paranephric fat
Large amount of fat found only posterior to the kidney
Blood supply to Adrenal Glands
Superior Suprarenal Artery- from inferior phrenic
Middle Suprarenal Artery- from Aorta
Inferior Suprarenal Artery- from Renal
Left Renal Vein
Receives drainage from the left testicular/ovarian and left superior suprarenal veins
Subcostal Nerve
Level = T12
Distribution= Skin and muscles of anterolateral abdominal wall
Course= Passes beneath lateral arcuate ligament and courses laterally
Iliohypogastric Nerve
L= L1
D= Skin of upper inguinal and suprapubic region; internal oblique and transversus abdominus muscles
C=Course inferolaterally anterior to quadratus lumborum
Ilioinguinal Nerve
L= L1
D= Skin of lower inguinal region, groin, and medial thigh; internal oblique and transversus abdominus muscles
Course inferolaterally anterior to quadratus lumborum
Damaged on lumbar approach to kindey
Subcostal, ilioinguinal, and iliohypogastric nerves
Genitofemoral Nerve
L= L1, L2
D= Genital branch; motor to cremaster
Femoral branch; skin of medial thigh
*Pierces the psoas, courses inferiorly on the ANTERIOR PSOAS, abd separates
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
L= L2, L3
D= Skin of lateral and anterior thigh
*Courses inferolaterally on illacus muscle
Femoral Nerve
L= L2-L4
D= Anterior thigh muscles
*Descends b/w ilacus and psoas
Obturator Nerve
L= L2-L4
D= Medial thigh muscles
*Courses on medial border of psoas
Lumbosacral Trunk
L= L4-L5
D= Joins sacral plexus
Illiopsoas Test
Patient flexes thigh against resistance
Pain? => Inflammation involving the psoas
-Could be appendicitis
Three Sites of Ureter Constriction
- Uretopelvic Jnxn
- Pelvic Inlet (b/w external and internal illiac arteries)
- Entrance to bladder
* Potential sites for lodging of kidney stone
Horseshoe Kidney
Fusion of the lower poles of the two kidneys; blocks urine flow
Rosette Kidney
Fusion of kidneys at their hila; remain in pelvis
Bifid Ureter
Ureters join in the lower 1/3 of their course; Increase potential for infxn or calculus
Quadratus Lumborum
O- Iliolumbar ligament; posterior iliac crest
I- Transverse processes of upper four L-vertebrae
A- Bends trunk laterally; fixes 12th rib during inspiration
N-T12-L4
