Post-partum haemorrhage (PPH) & Ante-partum haemorrhage (APH) Flashcards
What is the definition of a PPH
A loss of >500ml of blood that occurs after labuour
What are the 2 types of PPH and what is the difference between the 2
Primary
>500ml of blood lost less than 24 hours after labour
Secondary
>500ml of blood lost between 24 hours after labour and 6 weeks after
The main cause of PPH are due to issues with the 4 Ts, what are these 4 Ts
Tissue
Time
Thrombin
Trauma
What are some of the causes of PPH
4 Ts
Placenta previa
Endometriosis
What type of PPH would endometriosis cause
Secondary
What is the aim of the treatments for PPH
Stop the bloody bleeding by…
Increase uterine contractions
Slow-down the breakdown of clots
Remove the uterus all together low
What treatments for PPH work by increasing uterine contractions
IV oxytocin
Syntomerine
Carboprost
Misoprostol
What is the 1st line treatment for PPH
IV oxytocin
What are the 2 components of syntometrine which is used to treat PPH
Oxytocin and ergometrine
Carboprosost is used to treat PPH, what is it
Synthetic progesterone
Which drug used to treat PPH via increasing uterine contractins ia used along with Mifepristone to terminate pregnancies
Misoprostol
Which treatment for PPH works by slowing down the breakdown of blood clots
Tranexamic acid
What treatment would be needed for PPH along with all other types of haemorrhage
IV fluids
What are the surgical treatments used for PPH
Hysterectomy (can’t bleed from the uterus if you don’t have one)
Ballon tamponade
B-lynch suture
How does ballon tamponade work for treating PPH
A tamponade is inserted into the vagina and a balloon is infalted to stop the bleeding
(tampon..ade)
Vasa praveia can cause an APH, what is it
Fetal blood vessels are at risk of rupture when the maternal membranes rupture as these vessles run near the internal cervical os
