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Systems- Repro > Infertility > Flashcards

Infertility Flashcards

1
Q

What is it that men can lack if they have cystic firbrosis which would make them infertile

A

Vas deferens

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2
Q

If a patient has a milky dischagre from their nipple and is infertile, what is the likley cause of their infertility

A

Hyperprolactinemia

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3
Q

What is the definition of infertile

A

Not being able to concieve after 12 months of regualr intercourse

WITHOUT usinf contraception

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4
Q

What must a patient complaining of infertiily not be using, and it may be worth asking them if they’re a bit of an idiot

A

If they are using contraception

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5
Q

How many couples under 40yo will get pregnant in 12 months by having regular sexy time

A

80%

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6
Q

How long does a women have to try to get pregnant if she is:

a) <35yo
b) 35-45
c) >45

A

a) 12 months
b) 6 months
c) not gonna happen bro

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7
Q

What are some of clinical fetures to look out for in infertiliy

A

Hirsuitism

Ace

Acanthosis nigricans

Galactorrhoea

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8
Q

Hirusitism, acne and acthanosis nigricans are all potential signs of infertility

What is the medical term to describe all these symtpoms and what condition do they occur in (which is a potential cause of infertility)

A

Term -> hyperandgrogenism

Condition -> PCOS

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9
Q

For women who are inferitle, what is the 1st line investigation

A

Female Hormone Proflie

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10
Q

What 4 things do you test for in a female hormone profile

A

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin

FSH

LH

Prolcatin

Testosterone

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11
Q

Decreased levesl of which hormone on a female hormone profile is almost diagnositc of infertiliy

A

Sex hormone binding hormone

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12
Q

What do you need to consider in a couple who can’t get pregnant

A

Availability of eggs

Availability of sperm

Can the sperm and egg meet

Can the embryo implant in the womb

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13
Q

What investigations should be undergone for infertile women

A

Hormone profile

Rubella immunity check

Chlaymdia test

Tubual patency tests (HSG & HyCoSy)

Pelvic USS

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14
Q

What investigations should be undergone for infertile men

A

Semem analysis

Genital exam

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15
Q

What do you check for in semen analysis

A

Spem concentration & volume

Spem motility

Total sperm number

Morphological changes

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16
Q

Why is a rubella immunity test done in women who are infertile

A

As they can’t be treated unless their immune to rubella

17
Q

Tubual patency test are needed to see if the fallopian tubes are open enough for sperm to pass through, give 2 examples are of these tests

A

Hystero Contrast Sonography (HyCoSy)

Hystero-salpingo-graphy (HSG)

18
Q

What are some risk factors for infertile

A

Chemotherapy & radiotherapy

STIs

HIV

Obesity

19
Q

Why is obesity a risk factor for infertilily in women

A

As it decreases ovulation

20
Q

What are some of the causes of infetiliy in men

A

Usually unexplained bro

Cystic firbosis -> absecence/mutated vas deferens

Azospermia (semen has no sperm)

Vasectomy

21
Q

What are the layman terms for a man and a woman being infertile

A

Man -> sterile

Woman -> baron

22
Q

What is the term used to desrcibe semen with no sperm

A

Azospermia

23
Q

Are there usually knwon causes for infertiliy

A

Nope

24
Q

What are some of the causes of inferitliy in women

A

Usually unexplained

PCOS

Rubella

Chalymdia

Firbroids

Endemteriosis

Menopause

Hypertecomty & saplingectomy

25
Q

What are the treatments for infetility in women

A

Clomiphene

GnRH analgoues

Emberyo freezing

In-vitro fertilisatoin (IVF)

Intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)

26
Q

What are the treatments for male infertilty

A

Sperm aspiration

Surgical sperm removal

Sperm donor

Vasectomy removal

27
Q

What are the 3 classifications of ovulatory disorders which can cause infertility

A

Hypothalamic pituitary failure

Hypothalamic pituitary ovarain failure

Ovarian failure

28
Q

What are the 2 main treatments for ovulatory disorders, which can obvs cause infertiliy

A

Clomiphene

GnRH analgoues

(both increase GnRH levels which triggers the menstrual cycle)

29
Q

Tubual patency probelms can cause infertiliy in women, give 3 examples

A

Fibroids

Endometriosis

Hydrosaplinx

30
Q

Seen on a USS or CT, what is the term for a swelling in a fallopian tube due to a blockage

A

Hydrosalpinx

31
Q

What is surgery is undergone if the fallopian tubes are found not to be patent and what is then offered after the surgery

A

Surgery -> salpingectomy

Offered after -> IVF

Systems- Repro (14 decks)

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