Possible Questions And Answers

Question 1

1. Choose the most correct and complete answer to complete the following sentence.

AIDS is called an acquired disease because it is….

Answer 1

Acquired and not genetically inherited and is caused by an organism that enters the body from outside.

Question 2

2. What is the difference between HIV1 and HIV2

Answer 2

HIV1 infections have shorter latency period and progresses faster into Aids than HIV2

Or

HIV1 is more pathogenic than HIV2.

Question 3

3. The HI virus uses different enzymes to help it reproduce. The role of the enzyme reverse transcriptase is to…

Answer 3

Transform viral RNA into viral DNA

Question 4

4. Is it possible for a woman to contract HIV after one single sexual encounter with an HIV positive man

Answer 4

It is possible especially if viral concentration in partner’s semen is very high at time of intercourse.

Question 5

5. Why are people with STIs particularly vulnerable to HIV infections

Answer 5

STIs cause genital inflammation which attracts CD4 receptors to the site of infection.

Question 6

6. The minor symptomatic phase of HIV disease

Answer 6

Is usually associated with a CD4 count between 350&500 cells/mm^3

Question 7

7. Current guidelines in SA suggest the following regarding initiation of anti retroviral therapy

Answer 7

A. Delay ART until patients are prepared to commit themselves to long term treatment and to complying with therapy
B. Treat all patients with symptomatic HIV infections or with HIV associated diseases with ART regardless of CD4 cell count or viral load
C. Treat all patients with CD4 counts lower than 350 cells/mm^3 with ART.
D. All of above

D. Is most correct

Question 8

8. June is a sex worker and HIV positive. Is it dangerous to have sex with men who are HIV positive

Answer 8

Yes because she can get infected with another strain of HI virus

Question 9

9. Another hinderance to effectively listening is inadequate listening for example

Answer 9

I think I respond to her by saying I understand that she feels hurt.

Question 10

9. How would you as a counselor facilitate process of HIV disclosure to one’s children

Answer 10

Share plans you have made for the child’s future with him/her so they can feel secure about their caretaking after parents death.

Question 11

Which of following would most effectively help bereaved person to cope with loss

Answer 11

While cautioning clients against rebound effect counsellors should encourage clients to relocate emotionally by making new friends and even new partners with time

Question 12

12. Which of following body fluids should be considered as likely to transmission HIV as infected blood

Answer 12

Vaginal secretions
Pregnancy fluid
Vomit with blood in it

Question 13

What happens in the body’s immune system during latent phase of HIV

Answer 13

A huge struggle takes place in body between the rapidly replicating HI viruses and the CD4 cells which try to replenish their numbers after many CD4 cells are destroyed by HIV

Question 14

The HIV PCR technique can be used as a qualitative and quantitative test for either diagnostic or post diagnostic purposes. A qualitative PCR test is used for

Answer 14

Measuring the amount of virus in persons blood after diagnosis

Question 15

What does HIV exposed mean

Answer 15

This refers to a person who was exposed to HIV like a baby born to HIV positive mother but it’s not certain if they are HIV infected themselves and a test has to be done to determine HIV status

Question 16

What is the advantages of the dried blood spot test

Answer 16

Inexpensive
Easy to use
Not very invasive
Not hazardous for healthcare provider

Question 17

What is the importance of CD4+t cells

Answer 17

Assess status of immune system
Indicate when prevention of treatment of opportunistic infections and disease should start or stop
Indicate when to start ART in countries that use CD4 T cell as indication for ART