Chapter 19: Infection Control

Question 1

When and what does universal precautions entails

Answer 1

In 1985 CDC in the USA developed strategy for concern of transmission of HIV

Universal precautions are based on risk of exposure to blood and other bodily fluids

Question 2

List fluids requiring universal precautions

Answer 2

Blood 
Semen
Vaginal secretions 
Body tissues
Amniotic fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid
Peritoneal fluid
Pericardial fluid
Pleural fluid
Synovial fluid

Question 3

Which body fluids don’t require universal precautions

Answer 3

Faeces
Urine
Vomit 
Nasal secretion
Saliva
Sputum
Sweat
Tears

Question 4

What is infection control and the objective thereof

Answer 4

It is the measures applied to prevent or control development or spread of pathogenic microorganisms or infection processes.

Objective is to stop the transmission of infection from one person to another.

This includes destroying removing pathogens by means of general hygienic measures disinfection and sterilisation

Question 5

What 3 levels of infection control are there

Answer 5

Administrative

Refers to measures taken by management to reduce risk

Environmental

Refers to measures and methods to ensure safe environment

Personal protection

Refers to protection of health workers caregivers and patients from infection

Question 6

List basic principles of hygiene

Answer 6

Handwashing
Covering skin lesions
Clean and safe work environment

Question 7

List PPE items

Answer 7

Gloves 
Eye shields
Masks 
Aprons 
Footwear