possibie mock questions Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Explain what psychologists mean by socially sensitive research. [2 marks]

A

Any research that might have a direct social consequence for the participants in the research or group that they may represent.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Referring to the text above, explain what it is meant by a paradigm shift [4 marks]

What is a paradigm?

When does a shift occur?

what does this shift lead too?

A

Paradigm is a set of shared assumptions/beliefs about how behaviour should be studied eg a focus on causal explanations of behaviour

  • a shift occurs where members of a scientific community change from one established way of studying a behaviour due to new contradictory evidence eg shifting focus from cause to free will.
  • this shift leads to a ‘scientific revolution’ eg the cognitive revolution in 1970s and the current emphasis on cognitive neuroscience
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name and briefly outline one negative symptom of schizophrenia.

A

• speech poverty (alogia) - characterised by the lessening of speech fluency and productivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Jonny is 25 years old. He is a very anxious person. Colleagues tease him at work because he chews his pen all the time and spends hours tidying his desk. He finds it difficult to make friends and has never had a girlfriend.

use your knowledge of psych determinism to explain johnny’s behaviour.

[4 marker]

A

psychic determinism suggests that adult behaviour, eg anxiety, pen-chewing, motives ie Jonny has no free will

• experiences that occurred during stages of psychosexual development have unconsciously influenced Jonny’s adult behaviour

– his adult experience has been caused by early experiences (this would be hard determinism)

• Jonny is unaware of these early experiences as his memory has been repressed, but they manifest themselves in symbolic outward behaviours. Jonny is a slave to his unconscious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which one of the following best describes Kohlberg’s gender stability stage? Write the
correct letter in your answer book

[1 mark]

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Suggest a more appropriate statistical test of difference for the student to use with this data.
Explain two reasons for your choice based on the description of the study.

[5 marks]

A

• same children judge both pictures

• so the study is a repeated/related design (not independent as would be appropriate for an unrelated
t-test)

• data are ratings on a scale of liking 1–10, ie the child’s subjective opinion

• there is no fixed unit of liking therefore the data are at the ordinal level of measurement/
non-parametric

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Discuss one or more ethical implications of research in psychology.
Refer to at least one topic you have studied in psychology in your answer.

A

Migram’s (1963) research

  • Need to consider whether the ‘ends justify the means’.
  • P’s were decevied and were unable to give fully informed consent.
  • Experiment also caused distress and the particpants were told to continue.
  • P’s were debried after the experiment and a follow-up interview took place a year later.

Bowlby’s theory of attachment

Suggest that children form special attachment bond, usually with their mother. (Must critical period.)

  • He also suggested that this attachment bond affects their future relationships through an IWM
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Briefly outline what is meant by ‘gender schema’.

[2 marks]

A

organised group of related concepts about each sex and sex appropriate behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Explain how the researchers could have obtained a stratified sample from the four different schools.

[4 marks]

A

Identify sub-groups in their population, eg the four different schools

  • calculate the required proportion from each stratum based on the proportion in the population
  • Randomly select sample a each school
  • use a random selection method, eg use a random generator to select specified number of numbers between 0 and X (or hat method).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Suggest two additional points that could be added to the debriefing statement to better ensure ethical treatment of the students.

CW

[4 marks]

A
  • Confidentiality: advise students that their data is to be kept confidential so their individual responses will not be identifiable and will not be accessible to anyone other than the researchers/their agents
  • Withdrawal of data: ensure students are told they have the right to withdraw their data after the event even if they consented to the survey and were aware of the aim at the start
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Using the data in Table 2, explain how the distribution of scores in Group A differs from the distribution of scores in Group B.
[4 marks]

A

Group A scores indicate a normal distribution
 because in Group A the mean, median and mode are almost the same (as in a bell-shaped
curve)
 group B scores indicate a (positively) skewed distribution
 because the mean is higher than the median/mode or to the right hand side of the distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which two of the following statements describe a strongly deterministic view? Write he letters of your chosen answers in your answer booklet.

Name two types of determinism.
[2 marks]

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which of the following best describes an idiographic approach in psychology?
Write A, B, C, or D in your answer book.
[1 mark]B

A

B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Explain one problem with the method used to determine the number of miles
walked in the week. Suggest an alternative measure that would overcome this problem.
[3 mark}

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a ‘nomothetic approach’? Suggest one limitation of a nomothetic approach.
[2 mark]

A

Define
Based on the study of large numbers of people and aims to make generalisations in order to formulate general theories of behaviour.

Limitation

Less meaningful as tends to use quantitative measures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a ‘Idiographic approach’? Suggest one limitation of a Idiographic approach.
[2 mark]

A

An approach that focuses on individuals and empasises uniqueness. The Approach is qualitative as the focus is on developing an in-depth insight into human behaviour.

Limitation
Based on large amounts of data about one individual

17
Q

Explain why a Mann-Whitney test is an appropriate choice of statistical test in this
situation and a Spearman’s test is not.
[2 marks]

A

This study is about differences between two conditions so the Mann-Whitney is appropriate

• it is not about correlation between two variables so Spearman’s is not appropriate.

18
Q

Explain one reason why there might be a problem of bias and generalisation in this study.

How could the researchers modify their study to deal with this problem?
[4 marks]

A

Identifying source of bias - people volunteer so their behaviour might be unrepresentative eg volunteers may be better communicators, more verbal

  • therefore, it is not appropriate to generalise their language ability to all people with schizophrenia
  • Use a different sampling method, such as random or systematic go to a self-help group.
  • this should enable a less biased more representative sample
19
Q

Which one of the following best describes Kohlberg’s gender stability stage?
Write the
correct letter in your answer book.
[1 mark]

A

B

20
Q

What is a pilot study

A
21
Q

Martine has schizophrenia. She is afraid because she believes that her care workers are trying to hurt her. She hears voices telling her to lock the doors and windows so the care workers cannot get into her house. She thinks about nothing else.

Explain how a cognitive behaviour therapist might treat Martine’s symptoms.
[4 marks]

A

Martine could be helped to identify her irrational thoughts eg her belief that care workers are trying to hurt her

• therapist could help Martine understand the voices are not real, explaining how it could be her own
thoughts

  • Martine could be helped to see the link between her thoughts, her emotion and her behaviour
  • therapist could offer Martine alternative interpretations, eg that the care workers are there to help
  • therapist could give Martine strategies to counter irrational thoughts, eg self-distraction strategies to use when the thoughts intrude; ways of drowning out the sound of the voices when they occur; positive self-talk strategies.