Humanistic approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Humanistic psychology

Full control

A

states that we have free free will: the ability to make significant person choices within biological/societal constration.

  • Full control despite societal constratints and other external focuses.

HIERACHY OF NEEDS
- S

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2
Q

Maslow’s theory

A
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3
Q

Maslow’s Hierachy of needs

What does it emphasise

What did he state about the need

3

A
  • Emphasises importances of personal growth and fufilment
  • Each level must be fufilled befor a person can move up to a higher need.
  • Maslow stated that the more basic the need the more powerfully it is experienced that is more difficult to overcome.
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4
Q

What are the levels of hierachy needs?

A

Self-actualisation - problem-sloving, morality. People attain self-actualisation ae creative and acceping, and have peak experience of extreme inspiration and ecstay.

Esteem - Self-esteem, confidence, achievement respect of and by others

Love - Friendship, family and sexual intimacy

Saftey - Security of body, of employment, of resoruces, of the family, of health

Phsyiological
Breathing, Food, water sleep, sex, homeostastis, excreton

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5
Q

Roger’s theory

A

Focuses on self.

Rogers claimed that our two basic needs, unconditional postive regard from our people and feelings of self-worth, develop from childhood interactions with parents.

  • The more similar out self-concept and our ideal self, the greater out psychological health and state of congruence.
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6
Q

Real-world application

The influence of counselling

A
  • Rogers (1959) claimed that an individual’s psychological problems were a direct result of their conditions of worth and the conditional postive regard they recieve from other people
  • counselling = allows people to solve their own probelms and move towards becoming a more fully functioning person.
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7
Q

Conditons of worth

A

Are a perception that acceptance from other depends on meeting their expectatins

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8
Q

AO3

A
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9
Q

Research with adolescents supports Roger’s view that people who experience conditional positive regard display who are more ‘false self’ behaviour.

Weakness

A

E: For example, teenagers who fel they have to fufil ceertain conditions gain their parent’s approval freqeuntly dislike themselves

E: Researchers found that adolescents who create a ‘false self’, pretending to be the sort of person their parents would love, are also more likely to develop depression.

L: This supports ‘conditions of worth’: the idea that unconditonal positive regard from parents is essential for developing self-worth

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10
Q

The humanist approach is unrealistic with an idealised view of human nature.

Weakness

A

E: It assumes that people are inherently growth-oriented, not recognising some people’s capcity for self-destructve behaviour.

E: In addition, the humanistic assumption that all problems arise from blocked self-actualisation ignores situational forces in society, such as prejudice and inequality of oppurtunity

L: This means that the humanist approach does not give a full description human behaviour and development.

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11
Q

Cultural differences exist as shown from cross-cultural studies.

Strength

A

E: For example, a study in china found that belonding took priority over physiological needs. and self-actualisation related to contributions to the community rather than individual development.

E: Many studies confirm that people in western cultures focus more on personal identity, whereas Chinese, japaese and Koreans define self-concept in terms of social relationships.

L: Maslow acknowledged the needs may appear in a different order or may be absent althogether. This more flexible hierachy fits evidence better.

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12
Q

Maslow’s hierachy applies more broadly to economic development of countries, as well as personal development of individuals.

Strength

A

E: In the early stage of economic development, priority is on physiological and safety needs such as food and reduction in murder rates.

E: Once these basic needs are met, countries then focus on esteem needs (e.g women’s rights) and self-actualisation (e.g access to education).

L: This evidence from 88 countries over a 34 year period supports a hierachy of needs in societies as well as individuals.

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13
Q

Congruence

A

Similarity between the ideal self and self-image

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14
Q

Free-will

A

The ability to make decisions about how to act

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15
Q

Hierachy of needs

A

The motivational theory proposed by Maslow

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16
Q

Humanistic

A

The belief that humans have a desire to grow, create and love

17
Q

Self-actualisation

A

The drive to achieve one’s potential

18
Q

What are the 5 levels of hierachal needs?

A
Self-actualisation
Esteem
Love and belonging
Saftey
Physiological
19
Q

What did Rogers believed that people and their problems?

A

Can creatively solve their own problems and become more authenic.Humanistic therapists provided empathy and unconditional postive regard, failitating the client in finding self-actualisation.

20
Q

What do humanistic psychologists do?

A

Humanistic therapists provided empathy and unconditional postive regard, failitating the client in finding self-actualisation.