Populations in Ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

Define Ecology

A

study of inter-relationships between organisms and their environment

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2
Q

What two things should you consider in an ecosystem

A

the flow of energy through the system

cycling of elements within the system

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3
Q

Define Population

A

group of individuals of one species that occupy the same habitat at the same time and can potentially interbreed

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4
Q

Define Carrying capacity

A

size of the population that an ecosystem can support

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5
Q

How can carrying capacity vary?

A

affect of abiotic factors

interactions between organisms

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6
Q

Define community

A

all the populations of different species living and interacting in a particular place at a particular time

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7
Q

Define Habitat

A

where an organism usually lives, characterised by physical conditions and other organisms present.

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8
Q

What do habitats contain inside them?

A

microhabitats

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9
Q

Define niche

A

How an organism fits into the environment where an organism lives and what it does there

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10
Q

What is the competitive exclusion principle?

A

no two species occupy the same niche

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11
Q

Define Environment

A

conditions surrounding an organism including abiotic and biotic factors

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12
Q

m

A

m

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13
Q

Name 4 abiotic factors

A

Temperature
light
pH
H2o/ humaidity

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14
Q

Describe the effect of the factor: Temperature

A

enzymes slow work/ decreases metabolism
enzymes undergo denaturation
decreased carrying capacity

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15
Q

Describe the effect of the factor: Light intensity

On plants and the ecosystem

A

as intensity increases
the rate of photosynthesis increases
faster growth and production of seed
increased carrying capacity

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16
Q

Describe the effect of the factor: pH

A

affects enzyme action

17
Q

Describe the effect of the factor: H2o and humidity

A

affects transpiration rates and evaporation

18
Q

Name the two types of competition

A

Intraspecific and interspecific

19
Q

Define Intraspecfic competiton and name some examples

A

availability of resources determines the population size and degrees of competition

eg. limpet for algae
the tree for mineral ions
birds for breeding mates and territory

20
Q

Define Interspecific competiton and name some examples

A

as the population of one species increases the other decreases
if this remains the same the species can be removed hence the species that sues the resources the most effectively will eliminate the other

21
Q

When talking about competition what you you link to?

A

birth and death rate

more food could mean bigger birds not more of them