Homeostasis + Blood Glucose Flashcards
Define Homeostasis
The maintenance of an constant internal environment
What 2 factors do enzymes need to stay constant and why?
temp and pH
These can change the 3’ structure, so no ESC formed and they can be denatured
Why does the blood glucose need to be maintained?
Ensure water potential of the blood is stable so cells don’t shrink or expand
Ensures supply of glucose for respiration
Describe what a positive feedback mechanism causes
A deviation from the optimum causes a greater deviation
Describe what a negative feedback mechanism causes
Restores system to the optimum level
Name an example of a positive feedback mechanism in the human body.
In neurones the na+ reflux to carry an impulse
Name an example of a negative feedback mechanism in the human body.
Osmoregulation
Why are separate mechanism in a negative feedback cycle advantageous?
Greater degree of control
Name factors that influence blood glucose
Hormone levels
Diet
Glycogenolysis etc
Increased cellular respiration
Name the mass of the liver
What is it made up of
1.5kG
Hepatocyte cells
What is the role of the liver ?
Where Glycogenesis / Glycogenolysis /Gluconeogenesis occur.
Define Glycogenesis
Formation of glycogen from glucose
Define Glycogenolysis
Formations of glucose from glycogen
Define Gluconeogenesis
Formation of glucose from glycerol or amino acids
What is the role of the pancreas?
Produces the enzymes need for digestion and hormones for blood glucose control.
Where are the hormones produced to control blood glucose?
Islet Of Langerhans
Name the 2 types of cells in the pancreas and which hormones they produce.
Alpha=Glucagon
Beta=Insulin
Hormones are effective at what concentration?
They are produce in what? This secretes them where?
How to hormones act with cells?
Effective at low concentrations
Produced in glands and secreted in the blood plasma
They bind to cell receptors
