Population Growth Flashcards
_____ is the study of the size, structure, distribution of populations, and spatial and temporal changes in response to birth, death, migration and aging
Demography
_____ is when populations grow to a carrying capacity
Logistic Growth
_____ Stochasticity is random variations in the environment that affect rates
Environmental Stochasticity
_____ Stochasticity is random variation in birth and death rates
Demographic Stochasticity
the _____ follows the fate of a group of individuals born in the same time period
Cohort Life Table
the _____ focuses on age distribution data collected from a cross section of the population at one particular time
Time Specific Life Table
_____ Survivorship has high survivorship at younger ages followed by heat at physiological life span
- parental care, survival of young
- humans
Type 1 Survivorship
_____ Survivorship is little difference in factors that affect mortality with age class
- birds
Type 2 Survivorship
_____ Survivorship has lots of mortality at younger ages, followed by long life span
- little parental care, but if organism ages (increases in size), they become less likely to be eaten
- alligators
Type 3 Survivorship
_____ measure reproductive capabilities
- more ____ = more births
Fecundity Tables
_____ is the average number of females produced by one female over her lifetime
Net Reproductive Rate (R0)
_____ are predictions of numbers of individuals in each age class over time
Population Projection Tables
_____ is the proportion of individuals in each age class do not change over time
Stable Age Distribution
_____ Populations are populations in which immigration or emigration occurs
Open Populations
_____ Populations are populations in which movement into or out of the population does not occur
Closed Populations
_____ Growth is the resulting pattern of population size as a function of time
Geometric Population Growth
_____ Growth is based on discrete time steps
Exponential Population Growth
a _____ is a schedule of mortality
- transitions between discrete categories (stages, ages)
Life Table
_____ represents the probability at birth of surviving to any given age
survivorship
_____ is the number of individuals that died during any given time interval divided by the number alive at the beginning of that interval
Age Specific Mortality Rate
_____ is a figure that is obtained by dividing the number of births that occurred during some time period by the estimated population size at the beginning of the time period and multiplying the resulting number by 1000
Crude Birthrate
_____ is the dumb of the bx values across all age classes that provides an estimate of the average number of female offspring born to a female over her lifetime
Gross Reproductive Rates
_____ is the number of individuals that can persist in a particular environment (equilibrium)
Carrying Capacity
_____ is the probability at birth of surviving to a particular age
Ix
_____ is the number of individuals that die during any given time interval (stage)
dx
_____ is the age specific mortality rate
qx
_____ is the age specific birth rate
- # of female offspring by a female at a specific stage
bx
____ is the Net Reproductive Rate
R0
