Population genetics and speciation

Question 1

population

Answer 1

group of organisms, of same species that can breed with each other

Question 2

evolution

Answer 2

change in population over time

Question 3

gene flow

Answer 3

movement of alleles between populations

Question 4

genetic drift

Answer 4

random changes in allele frequencies

Question 5

fixation

Answer 5

entire population how homozygous for same allele

Question 6

selection

Answer 6

pressure favoring particular alleles in a population

Question 7

fitness

Answer 7

relative success in producing offspring

Question 8

mutation (5 agents of evolutionary change)

Answer 8

if the mutation is more fit it will pass on its genes

Question 9

gene flow (5 agents of evolutionary change)

Answer 9

alleles move from one pop to another

Question 10

non-random mating (5 agents of evolutionary change)

Answer 10

mating randomly

Question 11

assortative mating

Answer 11

similar phenotypes mate

increase in homozygotes

Question 12

dissassortative mating

Answer 12

different phenotypes mate

increase in heterozygous

Question 13

genetic drift (5 agents of evolutionary change)

Answer 13

allele frequency changes by chance

Question 14

bottleneck effect

Answer 14

repopulate from small population

Question 15

founder effect

Answer 15

subset of population colonize new habitat

Question 16

Selection (5 agents of evolutionary change)

Answer 16

some individuals have more surviving offspring

Question 17

fitness

Answer 17

1 phenotype leaves more surviving offspring

Question 18

negative frequency dependent selection

Answer 18

favors rare form-> not what predators are looking for

Question 19

positive frequency dependent selection

Answer 19

favors cmmon form -> oddballs stand out

Question 20

intraspecies selection

Answer 20

game theory

Question 21

divergent evolution

Answer 21

different groups develop within a population

Question 22

convergent evolution

Answer 22

different populations start to look similar

Question 23

species

Answer 23

organisms that mate in the wild and produce fertile offspring

Question 24

sympatric species

Answer 24

different species that live in the same habitat

Question 25

sympatric speciation

Answer 25

2 different species evolve within the same habitat

Question 26

allpatric speciation

Answer 26

2 different species evolve in 2 different habitats

Question 27

geographic (isolation)

Answer 27

can’t physically interact

Question 28

ecological (isolation)

Answer 28

use different parts of the environment

Question 29

temporal (isolation)

Answer 29

separated in time

Question 30

behavorial (isolation)

Answer 30

courtship/attraction is inviable

Question 31

mechanical (isolation)

Answer 31

reproductive structures are incompatible

Question 32

prevention of gamete fusion (isolation)

Answer 32

gametes are incompatible