Autosomal Inheritance

Question 1

gene

Answer 1

section of DNA that codes for proteins

Question 2

alleles

Answer 2

alternative versions of the same gene

Question 3

genotypes

Answer 3

the specific alleles an organism has

Question 4

phenotype

Answer 4

physical appearance which results from genotype

Question 5

hybrid

Answer 5

offspring of 2 parents with different genotypes

Question 6

heterozygous

Answer 6

genotype has different alleles for a gene

Question 7

homozygous

Answer 7

genotype has same alleles for a gene

Question 8

law of segregation

Answer 8

alleles for each gene separate into different gametes

Question 9

law of independent assortment

Answer 9

segregation of 1 set of alleles is not affected by segregation of other alleles

Question 10

monohybrid cross

Answer 10

all f1 plants resembled the same parent

Question 11

f2 generation in a monohybrid cross

Answer 11

3:1 ratio

not true breeding

Question 12

what is 1:2:1

Answer 12

1 homozygous dominant
2 heterogygous
1 homozygous recessive

Question 13

polygenic effects

Answer 13

continuous variation of phenotypes

Question 14

plieotropic effect

Answer 14

1 allele effects more than one trait

Question 15

Epistatic Effects

Answer 15

One gene not being activated may affect another gene

Question 16

sex chromosomes

Answer 16

chromosome group that determines gender

Question 17

autosomes

Answer 17

all other chromosome groups in the karyotype

Question 18

nondisjunction

Answer 18

failure to separate chromosomes or chromatids

Question 19

aneuploidy

Answer 19

incorrect karyotype