Polysccharides

Question 1

What is starch made up of? (2)

Answer 1

Amylose and amylopectin

Question 2

What is starch

Answer 2

Major glucose store in plants and Energy store that can be rapidly converted back to glucose for respiration

Question 3

Amylose structure

Answer 3

Large polymer made up of thousands of a glucose by condensation reaction.
1-4 linked and easy to break to release glucose monomers

Question 4

Amylose properties

Answer 4

Compact coil- less space for storage
Insoluble- doesn’t interfere with water potential

Question 5

Amylopectin structure

Answer 5

Also linked 1-4 alpha glucose but also has side branches meaning it formed by 1-6 glycosidic bond

Question 6

Amylopectin properties

Answer 6

Compact coil- less space for storage
Insoluble - doesn’t interfere with water potential

Question 7

Glycogen structure ( how is it different from amylopectin)

Answer 7

• also has side branches from 1-6 glycosidic bond
  More highly branched and free end in glycogen than in amylopectin as more energy in animals for movement

Question 8

Glycogen properties

Answer 8

• more free ends - more enzymes working on rapid hydrolysis in glycogen for energy
• compact coil- storage
• insoluble- doesn’t interfere with water potential
• main stores in liver and muscle

Question 9

How is cellulose different

Answer 9

Has a structural role in cell wall and not energy
But it is a polymer of beta glucose and not alpha
Every other cellulose is flipped 180 so it can be bonded beta 1-4 glycosidic bond

Question 10

Cellulose structure

Answer 10

Long straight and non helical

Question 11

Cellulose properties

Answer 11

Flexible, unreactive, insoluble