Pollination Biology Flashcards
What is pollination?
The transfer of pollen from the stamens to the stigma.
What is coevolution?
The adaptation of specific structures to improve survival.
What are the two types of pollinators?
Biotic and abiotic
What are some biotic pollinators?
•Beetles
•Bees
•Flies
•Butterflies
•Moths
•Birds
•Bats
•Other Mammals
What are some abiotic pollinators?
•Wind
•Water
What kind of flowers do beetles pollinate?
Bowl shaped flowers that have radial symmetry and has many parts. Prefer dull colors like browns or maroon.
What type of flowers do bees pollinate?
Complex flowers that have bilateral symmetry and nectar guides and are zygomorphic. Prefer non red flowers that are fragrant with pollen or nectar rewards.
What type of flowers do flies pollinate?
Prefer red or purple flowers that smell awful, like rotting meat or dung. Also attracted to flowers that give off heat.
What type of flowers do butterflies pollinate?
They prefer blue, pink, purple, orange, or red flowers that are fragrant. Usually prefer tube shaped flowers with a landing platform or nectar spur.
What type of flowers do moths pollinate?
They prefer nocturnal flowers that are white or brightly colored and fragrant. They also prefer them to have long tubes or nectar spurs.
What type of flowers do birds pollinate?
They prefer red, orange, and other bright colored flowers that have a lot of nectar. They are often tubular shaped and the plant is hardy and damage resistant. Usually hummingbirds are the pollinators
What type of flowers do bats pollinate?
They prefer nocturnal flowers that are light colored and large in size. They prefer them to have a large nectar or pollen reward.
What type of flowers do other mammals pollinate?
Other mammals don’t commonly pollinate, but the ones that do prefer flowers that are dull colored, scented and have a large nectar reward. The plants are hardy and damage resistant.
What types of flowers are wind pollinated?
Small, non showy flowers that have a lot of pollen. Often are dangling with exerted anthers and stigmas.
What types of flowers are water pollinated?
Small, non showy flowers with lots of pollen. They are aquatic plants that are either submerged or floating on the water.
What are bisexual flowers?
Flowers that have female and male parts
What are unisexual flowers?
Flowers that have either male or female parts.
What is a monoecious plant?
A plant that has both male and female flowers.
What is a dioecieous plant?
A plant that has male and female flowers on different plants.
What are the differences between unisexual and bisexual plants.
Unisexual:
• no chance of self pollination
• may be difficult to find a mate
• often rely on abiotic pollinators
Bisexual:
• chance of self pollination
• mate often available
• abiotic and biotic pollinators
