Fruit Flashcards
What is fruit?
a seed bearing structure in flowering plants. Formed from enlargement of the ovary.
What is an apcarpous flower?
Ovaries/carpels that are not fused
What is a syncarpous flower?
Ovaries/carpels that are fused together
List the types of fruit tissue
Pericarp
Exocarp
Mesocarp
Endocarp
What is the pericarp?
Consists of the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp
What is the mesocarp?
The fleshy middle part of a fruit.
What is the exocarp?
The outermost layer, the skin of the fruit
What is the endocarp?
The innermost layer that surrounds the seed
What is a berry?
The entire pericarp (mesocarp, endocarp, mesocarp) is fleshy. Produced from the ovary of a single ovary.
Blueberries, bananas, kiwis, peppers
What is a drupe?
Has a fleshy exocarp and mesocarp but a hard, stony endocarp usually around one seed.
Peaches, plums, apricots, cherries
What is a pepo?
Has a leathery exocarp, fleshing mesocarp, and often many seeds.
Cucumbers, watermelon, pumpkin
What is an aggregate fruit?
Has multiple free carpels (ovaries) from one flower that fuse together to create a fleshy fruit.
Strawberries, raspberries, blackberries
What is a multiple fruit?
The carpels/ovaries from multiple separate flowers cluster together to form one structure.
Pineapple, jackfruit
What is an accessory fruit?
Contains tissue derived from the ovary and plant parts such as the receptacle or hypanthium.
Apple, pear, strawberry
What is the hypanthium?
A structure where basal portions of the calyx, the corolla, and the stamens form a cup-shaped tube. It is sometimes called a floral tube.
What is the receptacle?
The thickened part of a flower stalk where the floral organs (sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils) are attached, serving as the base and support for the flower.
What are the types of fruit dispersal?
• ejection
• parasitic
• hooked
• expulsion
• animals
• wind
• water
