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Clinical Sciences > Poliomyelitis > Flashcards

Poliomyelitis Flashcards

1
Q

What is poliomyelitis

A

Inflammation of the spinal cord

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2
Q

polio mainly affects children

A

under 5

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3
Q

how is polio transmitted?

A

person-to-person through fecal-oral route

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4
Q

Step 1 Polio transmission

A

Virus enters mouth

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5
Q

Step 2 Polio transmission

A

virus replicated in pharynx, GI, lymph, etc

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6
Q

Step 3 polio transmission

A

hematologic spread of virus to lymph and CNS

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7
Q

Step 4 polio transmission

A

virus spreads along nerve fibers

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8
Q

Step 5 polio transmission

A

destruction of motor neurons

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9
Q

How long can polio remain present in stool

A

up to 6 weeks

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10
Q

What does the poliomyelitis virus infect and affect

A

motor neurons in the spinal cord & Peripheral nerves; flaccid paralysis

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11
Q

Signs and symptoms of polio

A

fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness of neck, pain in limbs

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12
Q

How many patients die due to diaphragm paralysis

A

5-10%

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13
Q

Types of Wild Poliomyelitis

A

Mahoney, Lansing, Sabin

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14
Q

Type 1 WPV

A

Mahoney; paralysis 1/200

only one left in circulation

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15
Q

Type 2 WPV

A

Lansing

eradicated in 199

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16
Q

Type 3 WPV

A

Sabin
less virulent with paralysis 1/1000
eradicated 2019

17
Q

Bulbarpolio

A

affects cranial nerve effectors

impacts nerves of soft palate and pharynx

18
Q

What CN does bulbar polio affect

A

9 and 10

19
Q

Spinal Polio

A

affects the spinal nerves leading to arms and legs

most common symptom is unilateral paralysis

20
Q

Bulbospinal polio

A

medulla part of brain and spinal nerve that lead to arms and legs

21
Q

Post Polio Syndrome

A

estimated 25-40% of individuals who contracted polio will experience pain and muscle weakness in 15-40 years after infection

22
Q

Clinical Considerations of Polio

A 
flail ankle 
valgus ankle
knee deformity 
atrophy 
external rotation 
LLD
23
Q

Compensatory Presentation of Polio

A

well-developed shoulders and upper extremities

lumbar lordosis

24
Q

Genu Recurvatum

A

knee is stable (cannot buckle)

increased energy cost

25
Q

Genu Varum

A

Knee is lateral to hip and ankle

increased stress on: Lower back, ankle, LCL, medial knee compartment

26
Q

Genu Valgum

A

Knee is medial to hips and ankles

increased stress on: Lower back, ankle, MCL, lateral knee compartment

27
Q

Acute Polio treatment phase

A

treat symptoms, maintain ROM, prevent deformity

28
Q

Recovery Polio treatment phase

A

therapy, surgery, orthoses

29
Q

What does the swedish knee cage correct

A

genu recuvarum

30
Q

How does the Swedish knee cage correct

A

shorter lever arm = increased force

allows knee flexion

posteriorly directed force

Clinical Sciences (12 decks)

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