Osteoarthritis

Question 1

Etiology of OA

Answer 1

degenerative joint disease

wear-and -tear disease

Question 2

Risk factors of OA

Answer 2

older age
sex (women) 
obesity 
injury 
repeated stress 
genetics

Question 3

When does OA begin around the age of:

Answer 3

40

unilateral presentation at first

Question 4

Clinical presentation in the lower extremities

Answer 4

pain in 1st tarsometatarsal joint

midfoot pain: arch & supporting structures

joint swelling, warmth, redness

difficulty walking

Question 5

Clinical presentation in the upper extremities

Answer 5

DIP = heberden 
PIP = bouchard

Question 6

PIP joints of the hand have what nodes

Answer 6

bouchard

Question 7

DIP joints of the hand have what nodes

Answer 7

heberden

Question 8

What is the standard diagnostic technique for OA

Answer 8

radiographs

Question 9

How to reduce load across impacted joint

Answer 9

1. avoid activities that increase joint stress/strain
2. improve strength & conditioning of muscles around
3. unload joint

Question 10

Intraarticular injections

Answer 10

glucocorticoids & hyaluronic acid

Question 11

Midfoot arthrodesis operative intervention

Answer 11

achilles tendon lengthening/hindfoot realignment also may need to be done

limited to symptomatic joints

Question 12

What are indications

Answer 12

failure of non-operative management

Question 13

Orthotic Intervention

Answer 13

protect/maintain post-op alignment

de-weight joint

stability

functional position

Question 14

Kellgren and lawrence classification system

Answer 14

method for classifying severity of OA using five grades