Intro to Pharmacology

Question 1

Pharmakon

Answer 1

drug

Question 2

pharmacology

Answer 2

how chemical agents affect living systems through chemical processes

Question 3

Drug Specific Characteristics

Answer 3

specificity (lock & key)

absorbed by body

have ability to reach action site

eliminated at reasonable rate

Question 4

What is bioavailability

Answer 4

describes the drug concentration in systemic blood in relation to the amount of drug administered

Question 5

tissue bioavailability

Answer 5

describes the concentration of drug in the target tissue, relative to the amount given

Question 6

Enteral Drug Delivery

Answer 6

Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Question 7

Enteral methods of administration

Answer 7

oral, sublingual, rectal

Question 8

Bioavailability of PO (per os) medication

Answer 8

10-50%

Question 9

Per Os

Answer 9

blood from the GI tract goes directly to the liver first

Question 10

First pass effect

Answer 10

all drugs are metabolized before they enter the system

removal by the liver may hinder the availability of drugs into the system

Question 11

Rectal Administration

Answer 11

excellent administration for individuals with nausea and vomiting

go to the liver via GI blood

Seizure medication

Question 12

Parenteral Drug Delivery

Answer 12

Administration can be completed via:

injections, inhalations, transfusions

Question 13

Intravenous Administration

Answer 13

drugs that are administered via IV are absorbed directly into the blood stream

Question 14

What is the bioavailability of IV administration

Answer 14

100%

Question 15

Subcutaneous Administration

Answer 15

Under the skin

insulin is given SC, because the insulin will be released form the fat in a slow and controlled rate

Question 16

What is tissue bioavailability

Answer 16

100%

Question 17

Transdermal

Answer 17

applied to the skin and enters the blood supply

Question 18

Topical administration

Answer 18

topical drugs are administered on the skin

Question 19

Intranasal

Answer 19

administered into and across the nasal mucosa

avoids 1st pass

Question 20

Intrathecal

Answer 20

administered directly into CSF

drugs that need to pass the blood-brain barrier

Question 21

Intra-articular Administration

Answer 21

drug administered directly to the joint space

Question 22

Elimination

Answer 22

removal of drug from the body

renal: urination
Hepatic: bile (bowel movement)