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Resp Summary Sheets JB > Pneumothorax > Flashcards

Pneumothorax Flashcards

1
Q

What is a pneumothorax?

A

Air in the pleural space

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2
Q

Where specifically is the air in a pneumothorax?

A

Between the visceral and the parietal pleura

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3
Q

What are the symptoms of Pneumothorax?

A

Sudden breathlessness
Sharp Pleuritic Pain
Tachypnoea
Cyanosis

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4
Q

What are the signs of Pneumothorax?

  • Air Entry
  • Resonance
A

Decreased air entry

Hyperresonance

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5
Q

What are the different types of Pneumothorax?

A

Spontaneous
Secondary
Traumatic
Tension

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6
Q

Describe spontaneous (primary) pneumothorax?

A

Caused by a rupture of subpleural air cysts called BLEBS

Causes hole in lung and air rushes into lung cavity

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7
Q

Most common presentation of primary pneumothorax?

A

Tall thin man
Indulges in marijuana
(Snoop Dog)

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8
Q

Most common type of Pneumothorax?

A

Spontaneous

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9
Q

Management of Spontaneous Pneumothorax?

A 
Small = Watchful Waiting
Medium = Aspiration
Complete = Aspiration/Chest Drain
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10
Q

Describe secondary pneumothorax?

A

This is pneumothorax secondary to respiratory disease

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11
Q

Describe secondary pneumothorax causes?

A

COPD
Asthma
Pneumonia
CF

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12
Q

Describe epidemiology of secondary pneumothorax?

A

Increases with age

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13
Q

Describe treatment of secondary pneumothorax?

A

Always requires a chest drain

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14
Q

Describe Traumatic Pneumothorax?

A

This occurs following chest trauma. May be caused by a fractured rib (penetrating) or blunt (car crash)

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15
Q

Describe how common traumatic pneumothorax is?

A

Not as common as spontaneous

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16
Q

Describe treatment of traumatic pneumothorax?

A 
Mild = Observe and consider chest drain
Severe = Chest Drain
17
Q

Describe a tension pneumothorax?

A

This is when air accumulates in the pleural cavity and causes mediastinal shift AWAY from the collapsed lung. Causes compression of the functioning lung

18
Q

Treatment of tension pneumothorax?

A

Immediate drainage with a needle in the 2nd intercostal space, midclavicular line
- HISS
Chest Drain

19
Q

What is the most likely type of Pneumothorax?
Tall thin man, smokes a lot has sudden breathless, pleuritic chest pain
Treatment?

A

SPONTANEOUS
Mild = Observe
Moderate = Aspiration
Massive = Chest Drain

20
Q

Man has been in car crash, sudden breathlessness and pleuritic pain?
Treatment?

A

Traumatic Pneumothorax
Mild = Observe and consider chest drain
Moderate = Chest Drain

21
Q

Male with COPD has sudden breathlessness and pleuritic pain?

Treatment?

A

Secondary Pneumothorax

Chest Drain

22
Q

Man has had line insertion then sudden breathlessness and pleuritic chest pain?
Treatment?

A

Traumatic Pneumothorax

Chest Drain

Resp Summary Sheets JB (27 decks)

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