Pneumonia Flashcards
1
Q
Symptoms
A
Malaise Fever Chest pain (pleuritic) Cough Purulent sputum (rusty coloured) Dyspnoea
2
Q
Signs
A
Pyrexia Tachypnoea Central cyanosis Dullness on percussion of affected lobe(s) Bronchial breath sounds Inspiratory crepitations Increased vocal resonance
3
Q
Investigation
A
Serum biochemistry and full blood count Chest X-Ray (CxR) Blood cultures Throat swab (for atypical pathogens) Urinary legionella antigen Sputum microscopy and culture
4
Q
Microorganism
A
Mainly strep. pneumoniae
5
Q
Treatment (mild)
A
Amoxycillin or clarithromycin / doxycycline
6
Q
Treatment (moderate)
A
Amoxycillin and clarithromycin or levofloxacin
7
Q
Trearment (severe)
A
Co-amoxiclav and clarithromycin or levofloxacin (if penicillin allergic)
8
Q
General treatments
A
Oxygen
IV fluids
CPAP (mild pressure applied to keep airways open)
Mild intubation and ventilation
9
Q
Complications
A
Septicaemia Acute Kidney Injury Empyema Lung Abscess Haemolytic anaemia (mycoplasma) ARDS
10
Q
Empyema treatment
A
Chest drain and IV antibiotics
11
Q
Lung abscess treatment
A
Prolonged antibiotics
