Pathology of Lung Cancers Flashcards
1
Q
Pathways of carcinogensis in the lung
A
In the lung periphery
In the central lung airways
Derived from different stem cell populations
2
Q
Lung periphery carcinogenesis
A
Bronchioalveolar stem cells transform
ADENOCARCINOMA
Less strongly associated with smoking
3
Q
Central lung airways carcinogenesis
A
Bronchial epithelial stem cells transform
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
4
Q
SCLC
A
Small cell carcinoma
5
Q
NSCLC
A
Non small cell carcinoma - Adenocarcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Large cell carcinomas Others
6
Q
Local effects of lung cancer
A
Bronchial obstruction=> Collapse Endogenous Lipoid Pneumonia Infection/abscess Bronchiectasis
Pleaural effusion
Invasion of the chest wall
Lymph node metastases
7
Q
Distant metastases
A
Liver Adrenals Bone Brain Skin
8
Q
Investigations
A
CXR Sputum cytology rarely used Bronchoscopy Trans-thoracic Fine Needle Aspiration Trans-thoracic Core Biopsy Pleural effusion Other imaging techniques
9
Q
Adenocarcinoma
A
Malignant tumour formed from glandular structures in epithelial tissue
10
Q
Adenocarcinoma biomarkers
A
EGFR, KRAS, HER2, BRAF mutations
ALK translocations
