Pneumoconiosis

Question 1

define konis (greek)?

Answer 1

dust

Question 2

define pneumoconiosis

Answer 2

Any harmful “dust” that causes interstitial lung fibrosis

Question 3

Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis accounts for how much of pneumoconiosis (% wise)?

Answer 3

7%

Question 4

is severity of pneumoconiosis related to amount of dust exposure?

Answer 4

yes

Question 5

what is eggshell lymph nodes?

Answer 5

calcification at hilar lymph nodes

Question 6

which pneumoconiosis gives lower zone fibrosis?

Answer 6

Asbestosis

Question 7

does silicosis give upper or lower zone fibrosis?

Answer 7

upper zone fibrosis

Question 8

does berylliosis give upper or lower zone fibrosis?

Answer 8

upper zone fibrosis

Question 9

does coal workers’ pneumoconiosis give upper or lower zone fibrosis?

Answer 9

upper zone fibrosis

Question 10

which type of pneumoconiosis causes an increased risk of TB?

and why?

Answer 10

silicosis

Silicosis impairs macrophage function

Question 11

which type of pneumoconiosis can cause non-caseating granuloma?

Answer 11

Berylliosis

Question 12

which workers are at risk of Berylliosis?

-2

Answer 12

Beryllium miners

aerospace industry

Question 13

which workers are at risk of silicosis?

-3

Answer 13

Silica miners, quarry workers, sandblasters

Question 14

which workers are at risk of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis?

Answer 14

Coal miners

Question 15

what nickname does Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis have?

Answer 15

black lung disease

Question 16

which type of pneumoconiosis causes pleural plaques and increased risk of mesothelioma?

Answer 16

Asbestosis

Question 17

which types of pneumoconiosis gives increased risk of lung cancer?
- 2

Answer 17

Asbestosis

Berylliosis

Question 18

what are the two categories of pneumoconiosis?

Answer 18

simple and

progressive massive fibrosis

Question 19

of simple pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis, which is most common and largely asymptomatic?

Answer 19

simple pneumoconiosis

Question 20

of simple pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis, which can give you exertional SOB and possibly black sputum?

Answer 20

progressive massive fibrosis

Question 21

simple pneumoconiosis can not develop into progressive massive fibrosis.

true or false?

Answer 21

false

Question 22

which type of “dust” exposures’ are the most likely cause of progressive massive fibrosis?

Answer 22

Coal

silicosis

Question 23

what type of crackles will you hear with lung fibrosis?

will you hear it on inspiration or expiration?

in respect will it be late or early inspiration/expiration?

Answer 23

fine crackles

inspiration

late inspiration

Question 24

chronic hypoxia induced vasoconstriction & parenchymal destruction from pneumoconiosis will cause what complication.

Answer 24

cor pulmonale (PHTN)

Question 25

CXR features of pneumoconiosis?

- 2 things

Answer 25

fibrosis

calcification

Question 26

typical spirometry pattern of pneumoconiosis?

restrictive or obstructive.

Answer 26

restrictive

Question 27

define pulmonary opacity ?

Answer 27

area of lung with ↑attenuation

Question 28

a tissue with increased attenuation will absorb x-rays more or less? and thus will be brighter or darker on X-ray?

Answer 28

absorb x-rays more

look brighter

Question 29

which Ix is used to stage pneumoconiosis?

Answer 29

CXR

Question 30

how do you stage pneumoconiosis in respect to the opacities seen on CXR?
- 0-3 stages.

Answer 30

0 – no small opacities
1 – few small opacities
2 – numerous small opacities
3 – very numerous small opacities, normal lung marking now partially or totally obscured.

Question 31

for what type of pneumoconiosis may corticosteroids be useful?

Answer 31

berylliosis

Question 32

what is the supportive MX for pneumoconiosis (as there is no cure) ?

• 5 things
• think about the obvious

Answer 32

Stop smoking. 
Stop dust exposure. 
Pulmonary rehabilitation 
Supplemental O2 – for hypoxic pts 
Corticosteroids – in berylliosis

Question 33

aside from CXR which other imaging modality is used in pneumoconiosis?
and what feature will you see on this image?

Answer 33

High-res CT scan

fibrosis