Pneumoconiosis Flashcards
define konis (greek)?
dust
define pneumoconiosis
Any harmful “dust” that causes interstitial lung fibrosis
Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis accounts for how much of pneumoconiosis (% wise)?
7%
is severity of pneumoconiosis related to amount of dust exposure?
yes
what is eggshell lymph nodes?
calcification at hilar lymph nodes
which pneumoconiosis gives lower zone fibrosis?
Asbestosis
does silicosis give upper or lower zone fibrosis?
upper zone fibrosis
does berylliosis give upper or lower zone fibrosis?
upper zone fibrosis
does coal workers’ pneumoconiosis give upper or lower zone fibrosis?
upper zone fibrosis
which type of pneumoconiosis causes an increased risk of TB?
and why?
silicosis
Silicosis impairs macrophage function
which type of pneumoconiosis can cause non-caseating granuloma?
Berylliosis
which workers are at risk of Berylliosis?
-2
Beryllium miners
aerospace industry
which workers are at risk of silicosis?
-3
Silica miners, quarry workers, sandblasters
which workers are at risk of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis?
Coal miners
what nickname does Coal workers’ pneumoconiosis have?
black lung disease
which type of pneumoconiosis causes pleural plaques and increased risk of mesothelioma?
Asbestosis
which types of pneumoconiosis gives increased risk of lung cancer?
- 2
Asbestosis
Berylliosis
what are the two categories of pneumoconiosis?
simple and
progressive massive fibrosis
of simple pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis, which is most common and largely asymptomatic?
simple pneumoconiosis
of simple pneumoconiosis and progressive massive fibrosis, which can give you exertional SOB and possibly black sputum?
progressive massive fibrosis
simple pneumoconiosis can not develop into progressive massive fibrosis.
true or false?
false
which type of “dust” exposures’ are the most likely cause of progressive massive fibrosis?
Coal
silicosis
what type of crackles will you hear with lung fibrosis?
will you hear it on inspiration or expiration?
in respect will it be late or early inspiration/expiration?
fine crackles
inspiration
late inspiration
chronic hypoxia induced vasoconstriction & parenchymal destruction from pneumoconiosis will cause what complication.
cor pulmonale (PHTN)
CXR features of pneumoconiosis?
- 2 things
fibrosis
calcification
typical spirometry pattern of pneumoconiosis?
restrictive or obstructive.
restrictive
define pulmonary opacity ?
area of lung with ↑attenuation
a tissue with increased attenuation will absorb x-rays more or less? and thus will be brighter or darker on X-ray?
absorb x-rays more
look brighter
which Ix is used to stage pneumoconiosis?
CXR
how do you stage pneumoconiosis in respect to the opacities seen on CXR?
- 0-3 stages.
0 – no small opacities
1 – few small opacities
2 – numerous small opacities
3 – very numerous small opacities, normal lung marking now partially or totally obscured.
for what type of pneumoconiosis may corticosteroids be useful?
berylliosis
what is the supportive MX for pneumoconiosis (as there is no cure) ?
- 5 things
- think about the obvious
Stop smoking. Stop dust exposure. Pulmonary rehabilitation Supplemental O2 – for hypoxic pts Corticosteroids – in berylliosis
aside from CXR which other imaging modality is used in pneumoconiosis?
and what feature will you see on this image?
High-res CT scan
fibrosis
