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PMP Study Cards > PMP Definitions > Flashcards

PMP Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

The agreement to be able to assign project resources, make project decisions, and spend project funding

A

Authority

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2
Q

The process of accumulating, finishing, and interpreting information to achieve completion of a phase or project

A

Administrative Closure

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3
Q

The process of formally receiving the work of the project: the work should be complete and fulfill the needs for which it was created.

A

Acceptance

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4
Q

A piece of the project that must be completed (performed); sometimes called a “task”; can be divided into smaller pieces; typically has an assigned resource, cost amount, and expected duration

A

Activity

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5
Q

Represents the total costs that have actually been accrued up to a particular point in time; also known as actual cost of work performed

A

Actual Cost (AC

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6
Q

The comparison of a current product to industry standards or past standards to attain a measurement or baseline

A

Benchmarking

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7
Q

The process of determining the availability of human resources and amassing the team needed to complete the project

A

Acquire Project Team

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8
Q

A document created to define the project communication needs based on stakeholder needs

A

Communications Management Plan

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9
Q

A data-generating technique which includes team members or subject matter experts for the purpose of solving project problems, identifying project risk, and planning-related activities

A

Brainstorming

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10
Q

The process of managing the relationship between buyer and seller

A

Administer Procurements

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11
Q

A standard established by a company

A

Company Policy

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12
Q

Activities during which formal acceptance and completion procedures are attained from either a phase or the project itself

A

Closing Processes

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13
Q

A request for a change on a project that has been approved via formal or informal change request

A

Approved Change Request (Output/Input)

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14
Q

Requirements that are defined to be completed before the work can be accepted

A

Acceptance Criteria

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15
Q

A detailed list of activities that project team members use to know what work on the project they are responsible for completing

A

Activity List (Output/Input)

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16
Q

Process of using a previous project of similar characteristic (size, cost, scope) to estimate a new project

A

Analogous Estimates (Technique)

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17
Q

A role with a negative attitude toward the project

A

Aggressors

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18
Q

Tools and techniques used to create the foundation for information transfer on a project

A

Communications Infrastructure

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19
Q

Compensation in the planning for unknown items that could occur; typically schedule- or cost-related. Sometimes called reserve

A

Buffer

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20
Q

A formal document showing the hierarchy of components or pieces and their sub-components or sub-pieces that make up the product

A

Bill of Materials (BOM

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21
Q

The act of not providing certain confidential information to those who should not know about it

A

Confidentiality

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22
Q

A team-building technique in which team members are located together or as close to each other as possible

A

Co-location

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23
Q

An educated, logical guess about a variable when its details are unknown on a project or program

A

Assumption

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24
Q

Diagram that sorts and groups large numbers of brainstorming ideas for review and analysis

A

Affinity Diagram

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25
Q

A network diagramming method in which activities are shown on arrows and connected at nodes to show the sequence of activities. Also known as ADM, AOL

A

Activity-on-arrow (AOA)

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26
Q

Estimate/plan that the project tries to achieve (cost, scope, time, etc.)

A

Baseline

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27
Q

A predictable source of variation in a system

A

Common Cause

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28
Q

Deliver needed project information to stakeholders in an appropriate timeframe

A

Distribute Information

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29
Q

Compensation in the planning for unknown items that could occur; typically schedule- or cost-related; also commonly called buffer

A

Contingency Allowance

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30
Q

A type of power that can involve using a middle person to negotiate for the Project Manager

A

Attitude Power

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31
Q

A situation in which an individual or company engages in behavior that is inappropriate, but not necessarily illegal (it could be illegal)

A

Conflict of Interest

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32
Q

Analyze variances between actual performance and planned performance to effect improvements

A

Control

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33
Q

A technique to determine if the project assumptions are accurate, consistent, and complete and, if not, the resultant risks to the project

A

Assumption Analysis

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34
Q

An approach in which a previous project of similar characteristic is used to obtain the values (duration, resources, budget, etc.) for the current project being planned

A

Analogy Approach

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35
Q

A network diagramming method in which activities are shown on the boxes or circles of the network diagram and connected via arrows. Also known as PDM

A

Activity-on-node (AON)

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36
Q

A detailed estimating approach that usually involves team input - As the team builds the pieces of the estimate, they build the total estimate from the bottom up.

A

Bottom-Up Estimating

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37
Q

Creation and delivery of a product that has met the specified requirements and conformance (or functionality) of use

A

Conformance

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38
Q

A role that interrupts information flow on the project

A

Blockers

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39
Q

A report that includes significant variations from the planned activities

A

Exception Report

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40
Q

Pre-established actions that the team executes if a known risk event occurs on the project

A

Contingency Plans

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41
Q

A demand for consideration, under the terms of a contract, by a buyer from a seller or by a seller from a buyer

A

Claim

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42
Q

The process that protects the ownership rights of writing, songs, and other “creative” works; can include software, music, physical and electronic media.

A

Copyright

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43
Q

Standards to which project variables are compared for acceptability

A

Criteria

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44
Q

The formal or informal process of reviewing changes associated with a project; will result in approval or rejection of changes

A

Change Control

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45
Q

An approach in which the team or at least the Project Manager is involved in deciding on and estimating the individual pieces of the project to create the summary estimate

A

Bottom-up Approach

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46
Q

A network diagramming method that calculates the late start (LS) and late finish (LF) dates for each activity

A

Backward Pass

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47
Q

The total amount of money expected to be spent on a project based on the original cost estimates plus any approved changes

A

Budget

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48
Q

The point where the project and product meet the standards of the written specifications defined at project inception (or modified through change control)

A

Conformance to Requirement

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49
Q

A role that helps focus on making sure people on the project understand what the details of the project entail

A

Clarifiers

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50
Q

Estimates related to future project performance that are based on historical information and current project knowledge

A

Forecasts

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51
Q

Reserves that can help mitigate schedule or cost issues (risk), in the case of changes with the scope or quality on the project

A

Contingency Reserves (Output/Input)

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52
Q

The process of completing the contract; includes settlement on any open items

A

Close Procurements

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53
Q

The standards we use to determine what is right and wrong; varies for everyone

A

Ethics

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54
Q

The individual, group, or company that will own the work of the project when it is complete

A

Customer

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55
Q

A group of people formally recognized to approve or reject requested changes on a project

A

Change Control Board (CCB)

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56
Q

A technique used with groups to generate a large number of ideas

A

Brainstorming

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57
Q

A chart that shows a time relationship between the activities of the project; also commonly called a Gantt chart

A

Bar Chart (Tool)

58
Q

Total project budget; amount of money planned to be spent by the time the project is complete; sum of all planned value (PV)

A

Budget at Completion (BAC)

59
Q

A graph of data that shows the measurement of a process over elapsed time

A

Control Chart

60
Q

A type of power that uses negative approaches including threatening and punishment to get people to do things they don’t want to do

A

Coercive/Penalty Power

61
Q

The process of identifying all people or entities that are impacted by the project and detailing their involvement and impact on the project

A

Identify Stakeholders

62
Q

The product of multiplying the monetary value impact and probability of the risk event; helps an organization make decisions based on potential outcome and impact

A

Decision Tree Analysis (Technique)

63
Q

The process of receiving proposals, quotes, and bids, selecting a seller and establishing a contract for goods or services

A

Conduct Procurements

64
Q

An attitude that one’s group is superior to others

A

Ethnocentrism

65
Q

A company, business, or other formal structure that encompasses a business function

A

Enterprise

66
Q

A documented, formal process that manages change associated with the project

A

Change Control System

67
Q

The process of documenting the needs of the stakeholders that align with the project objectives

A

Collect Requirements

68
Q

A model for parallel programs with ingoing (inclusive) and outgoing (excusive) links

A

BiPert

69
Q

An estimate used to put money into a company’s (or project’s) budget

A

Budgetary Estimate

70
Q

The area of measurement three standard deviations (or Sigma) from the mean on a control chart

A

Control Limits

71
Q

A type of power that uses commitment via alliances and partnerships on the project team to tackle challenges to the project as they arise; has a potential connection with referent power

A

Commitment Power

72
Q

A meeting used to initiate the start of the project; typically attended by all the key stakeholders; can be done when Initiating or Planning is complete depending upon the organization

A

Kickoff Meeting

73
Q

The product of multiplying the monetary value impact and probability of the risk event

A

Expected Monetary Value (EMV) (Analysis)

74
Q

A mutually binding agreement that requires the services provider to supply the specified services or goods and requires the buyer to pay for them per the terms of the document

A

Contract

75
Q

An organization that represents and manages an area. The area can be a city, state, or country. In the United States, the federal government runs the country. Each state is responsible for operating the state. There can be city, state, or federal laws.

A

Government

76
Q

Any internal or external organization variables that can influence the project success Examples: company culture, the business market, technology, and personnel

A

Enterprise Environmental Factors (Output/Input)

77
Q

The process of maintaining and adjusting the scope of the project as approved

A

Control Scope

78
Q

The separation (or divergence) of activities on a network diagram from a central node

A

Burst

79
Q

A structure used to monitor project cost that usually aligns with a company’s accounting system and WBS of the project or program

A

Chart of Accounts (Tool)

80
Q

A type of power that maximizes involvement in the project or idea in the form of competition to help enhance the commitment of those involved to work toward a more successful outcome of the project or idea

A

Competition Power

81
Q

The process of communicating with the stakeholders to determine their expectations and addressing issues in a timely manner

A

Manage Stakeholder Expectations

82
Q

A type of plan created for risks with a great impact on project goals, to be executed if attempts to minimize the risk are not successful

A

Fallback Plans

83
Q

A contract in which the supplier receives payment for allowable costs plus a fixed fee typically based on estimated cost

A

Cost-plus-fixed-fee (CPFF) Contract

84
Q

Money or other items of value that are “earned” via improper activities

A

Inappropriate Compensation

85
Q

The coordination of personnel and additional resources to implement the project management plan and create the deliverables of the project

A

Executing Processes

86
Q

The process of finalizing all project activities to formally complete a project or phase

A

Close Project or Phase

87
Q

The process of dividing deliverables and work into smaller components for easier management

A

Create WBS

88
Q

The smallest time unit used in project schedules such as minutes, hours, shifts, days, weeks, months, quarters

A

Calendar Unit

89
Q

A numbering system used in project management to identify pieces of the work breakdown structure

A

Code of Accounts (Tool)

90
Q

Cost associated with not meeting quality expectations of the project or product

A

Cost of Nonconformance

91
Q

A conflict resolution technique in which a solution involves (typically) a little of what everyone is proposing for a solution

A

Compromise

92
Q

An integrated scope-schedule-cost plan that is used as the basis for execution measurement and performance management

A

Performance Measurement Baseline

93
Q

The process of determining which risks can impact a project and the documentation of their properties or characteristics

A

Identify Risks

94
Q

A contract in which the supplier receives payment for allowable costs, as well as a pre-negotiated fee and an incentive fee (if incentives are met)

A

Cost-plus-incentive-fee (CPIF) Contract

95
Q

Ideas and concepts created by an individual or company, typically eligible for copyright or patent, thus providing ownership properties

A

Intellectual Property

96
Q

A manager of a department or unit in a functional organization entity whose personnel are most directly involved in performing the work of the project

A

Functional manager

97
Q

A process which verifies that the products of the project are complete and accurate

A

Configuration Management

98
Q

The process of breaking down work of the project into smaller controllable pieces

A

Decomposition (Technique)

99
Q

The process of monitoring and updating the progress of the project and managing changes to scope

A

Control Schedule

100
Q

A point where scope, time, budgeted cost, and actual cost come together to measure performance on a project - The control account is sussed at multiple interface points on the project.

A

Control Account (Tool)

101
Q

Cost of conformance to requirements and non-conformance

A

Cost of Quality (CDQ) (Technique)

102
Q

Directing dealing with a conflict via problem-solving techniques so that the parties can work through any disagreement

A

Confrontation

103
Q

The collection and interpretation of performance data; can include status, progress, and forecast reports

A

Performance Reporting (Output/Input)

104
Q

The process of monitoring known risks, reducing any risks, identifying any new risks, and monitoring risk reduction over the life of the project

A

Monitor and Control Risks

105
Q

A contract that reimburses the seller for cost, plus a negotiated percentage of the total costs

A

Cost-plus-percentage of Cost (CPPC) Contract

106
Q

A standard created by a government (e.g., city, state, or country) that requires people and companies to follow it or the behavior is illegal

A

Law

107
Q

The processes required to develop the activities to attain an objective

A

Planning Processes

108
Q

A plan that defines the process for controlling change to configurable items that require formal change control

A

Configuration Management Plan

109
Q

The process of developing a project scope statement

A

Define Scope

110
Q

A duration compression technique in which more people are added to critical path activities to shorten the duration of the critical path or other impacted areas of the schedule

A

Crashing

111
Q

The process of controlling changes to the budge and monitoring project spending Cost Management Plan. The document that explains how to handle cost estimations, budgeting, variances, and other cost-related items on the project.

A

Control Costs

112
Q

A problem or error in the creation of the work of the project

A

Defect

113
Q

The process of defining a communications approach for the project

A

Plan Communications

114
Q

A technique used to simulate the outcome of a project many times to determine the range of possible outcomes and the probability of their occurrence

A

Monte Carlo Analysis

115
Q

A contract in which a supplier is paid for direct and indirect cost actually incurred on the project

A

Cost-reimbursable (CR) Contract

116
Q

A document signed by the owner of intellectual property and those who view it when it is not generally exposed to the public, or if it is a new idea, before it is displayed to the public

A

Non-disclosure Agreement (NDA)

117
Q

The process of improving the project management team to optimize project performance

A

Develop Project Team

118
Q

A report that states what has been accomplished in a specific amount of time on the project (but not the entire project)

A

Progress Report

119
Q

Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

A

Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

120
Q

Analyze risks and determine the priority of their effects on the project

A

Analyze risks and determine the priority of their effects on the project

121
Q

A contract in which the seller provides products or services based on a well defined scope of work for a set price

A

Firm-fixed-price (FFP) Contract

122
Q

A legal device which gives ownership of an idea or design to an individual or company that creates the idea or design

A

Patent

123
Q

Managing various portfolios that include the projects and programs of which they consist; can include prioritization, authorization, and management

A

Portfolio Management (Techniques)

124
Q

Actions on a project that will correct a component of the project that is out of alignment with the baseline

A

Corrective Actions

125
Q

A technique to attain consensus within a group of experts; typically used to gain vision about future direction or development

A

Delphi Technique

126
Q

The series of activities that shows the overall duration of the project; can change as the project evolves

A

Critical Path

127
Q

A ratio that shows the current efficiency of money being spent on the project; Formula: EV/AC - A value of one means you are getting out what you put in (which is good); less than one is bad; greater than one is good.

A

Cost Performance Index (CPI)

128
Q

A process that examines which variables have the greatest outcome on a process or product

A

Design of Experiments (DOE)

129
Q

A role that contradicts popular views or opinions about the work of the project

A

Devil’s Advocate

130
Q

The processes required to ensure that project information is amassed and distributed in a timely and appropriate manner to the appropriate parties

A

Project Communications Management

131
Q

Measure the probability and impact of the risks and estimate the impact on the project

A

Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis

132
Q

A contract that pays a seller a fixed price for a well defined or detailed product or service

A

Fixed-price Contract

133
Q

A standard that PMI requires candidates to agree to before they take the PMP Examination

A

PMI Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct

134
Q

The generally sequential phases of a product

A

Product Life Cycle

135
Q

The process of developing the project charter

A

Develop Project Charter

136
Q

Decision made via one individual

A

Dictatorship

137
Q

A network analysis method used to calculate total project duration

A

Critical Path Method (CPM) (Technique)

138
Q

The difference between what has been built (EV) and what the cost was to build it (AC); Formula: EV-AC - A value of zero (0) means the project is creating what it should for the cost as planned.A negative value means you are over budget; a positive value means you are under budget.

A

Cost Variance (CV)

139
Q

A process that analyzes every failure mode in every piece of a product - The analysis is then reviewed for impact on every aspect of the system.

A

Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA)

140
Q

A role that consumes project communication and focus with their own views without considering others

A

Dominators

141
Q

A reporting method in which future performance is estimated based on past performance of the project

A

Project Forecasting

PMP Study Cards (16 decks)

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