Plants Form and Functions

Question 1

What do monocots plants have?

Answer 1

Single cotyledon
Narrow leaves with parallel veins
Flower parts in 3 or multiples of three
Stems with scattered vascular bundles

Question 2

What do eudicots plants typically have

Answer 2

two cotyledons
broad leaves with netlike veins
flower parts in fours or fives
stem vascular bundles in a ring

Question 3

What are the Vegetative organs of flowering plants?

Answer 3

Roots, stems, and leaves

Question 4

What system does the roots make?

Answer 4

Root system

Question 5

What system does the stems and leaves makes?

Answer 5

Shoot system

Question 6

_______ anchor the plant and take up water and minerals

Answer 6

Roots

Question 7

Stems bear _____ and ______

Answer 7

leaves; buds

Question 8

________ buds form branches

Answer 8

Lateral

Question 9

___________ (__________) produce cells that contribute to stem elongation

Answer 9

Apical buds (at tip ends)

Question 10

_________ are responsible for most photosynthesis

Answer 10

Leaves

Question 11

Their flat blades are usually oriented ___________ to the sun’s rays

Answer 11

perpendicular

Question 12

_________: single blade leaf

Answer 12

Simple

Question 13

_________: separate leaflets in one leaf

Answer 13

Compound

Question 14

Each plant cell has a __________, and sometimes a ___________, cell wall (cellulose)

Answer 14

primary; secondary

Question 15

Adjacent plant cells are connected by _____________ extending through both cell walls

Answer 15

plasmodesmata

Question 16

__________ passes between plant cells through the plasmodesmata

Answer 16

Material

Question 17

What are the 3 different plant ground tissues?

Answer 17

Parenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma

Question 18

__________ cells have thin walls

Answer 18

Parenchyma

Question 19

In Parenchyma cells, store ______ or _______; some others carry out photosynthesis

Answer 19

starch; lipids

Question 20

__________ cells provide flexible support

Answer 20

Collenchyma

Question 21

In Collenchyma cell wall usually have __________ at corners

Answer 21

thickened

Question 22

celery “strings” contain many ___________ fibers

Answer 22

collenchyma

Question 23

__________ cells provide strength, and are often dead

Answer 23

Sclerenchyma

Question 24

In Sclerenchyma, very thick secondary walls with ______ (rigid), in addition to ___________

Answer 24

lignin; cellulose

Question 25

What are the 2 types of Sclerenchyma cells and where can they be found at?

Answer 25

Elongated fibers (tree bark) and Irregular-shaped sclereids (pears)

Question 26

_______ _______ transports materials throughout plant

Answer 26

Vascular tissue

Question 27

What are the 2 categories of vascular tissue?

Answer 27

xylem and phloem

Question 28

What do xylem transport?

Answer 28

water & dissolved minerals

Question 29

What do phloem transport?

Answer 29

photosynthetic products, e.g. sugars

Question 30

Xylem cells called _______ and _______

Answer 30

tracheids and vessel elements

Question 31

Xylem conduct water and minerals after the _____

Answer 31

cells die

Question 31

Phloem cells: function when ______

Answer 31

alive (unlike xylem)

Question 32

_____ members are the conducting cells; perforated ends called sieve plates in phloem tissue

Answer 32

Sieve tube

Question 33

Their activities are often controlled by ________ _______ in phloem tissue

Answer 33

companion cells

Question 34

What are the 3 types of plant tissues?

Answer 34

Vascular tissue, dermal tissue, and ground tissue

Question 35

What does vascular tissue do?

Answer 35

system conducts water, minerals, and the products of photosynthesis

Question 36

What does dermal tissue do?

Answer 36

system protects the body surface

Question 37

What does ground tissue do?

Answer 37

system produces and stores food materials and performs other functions

Question 38

_________ are localized regions of cell division in plants

Answer 38

Meristems

Question 39

In animals, ______ can and do divide anywhere in body

Answer 39

cells

Question 40

A _________ __ ________ generates the plant body

Answer 40

hierarchy of meristems

Question 41

____________ at the tips of stems and roots produce the primary growth of those organs

Answer 41

Apical meristems

Question 42

What is the primary growth of a plant?

Answer 42

Increase in lenght

Question 43

What are the three primary tissues daughter cells from apical meristem?

Answer 43

dermal, ground and vascular

Question 44

What are the three overlapping zone in root tips?

Answer 44

zones of cell division, cell elongation, and cell differentiation (maturation)

Question 45

What is secondary growth in plants?

Answer 45

Growth of diameter

Question 46

What are the 2 lateral meristems that are responsible for secondary growth?

Answer 46

vascular cambium and cork cambium

Question 47

The dermal tissue system consists of the ________

Answer 47

epidermis

Question 48

What is the purpose for the root hairs?

Answer 48

root hairs responsible for absorbing water and minerals

Question 49

________ root: vascular tissue in a ring with a central pith region

Answer 49

Monocot

Question 50

________ root: vascular tissue forms a central stele; xylem cells often form a ‘cross’ or ‘X’ shape

Answer 50

Eudicot

Question 51

_________ & _______ stems contain vascular bundles

Answer 51

Monocot and dicot

Question 52

__________: vascular bundles scattered throughout stems

Answer 52

Monocots

Question 53

________: vascular bundles in a steam are arranged in a ring (cylinder)

Answer 53

Dicots

Question 54

In eudicot stems and roots with secondary growth, vascular and cork cambia give rise to secondary _______ & ________

Answer 54

xylem and phloem

Question 55

As secondary growth continues, _______ & _______ are produced

Answer 55

wood and bark

Question 56

Wood: mostly old secondary ________

Answer 56

xylem

Question 57

________ is the photosynthetic tissue of a leaf

Answer 57

Mesophyll

Question 58

What does veins (vascular bundles) do in a leaf?

Answer 58

bring water and minerals to the mesophyll carry products of photosynthesis to other parts of the plant body

Question 59

A ____________ prevents water loss from the leaf, but is impermeable to carbon dioxide

Answer 59

waxy cuticle

Question 60

_____________ control opening of stomata (s. stoma), leaf openings that allow CO2 to enter but also water to escape

Answer 60

Guard cells

Question 61

What causes the stomata to open can closed?

Answer 61

Water