Plants Flashcards
What adaptations do plants have for land.
-Cuticle (waxy coating) to hold
moisture
-stromata which is openings in the plant for gas and water exchange
- vascular tissue to move nutrients and water and provide support
-adaptations that allow gametes to reproduce without water
What is a sporophyte/fillecenae class?
Included mosses, and ferns, they depend on water for reproduction.
They are seedless plants and rely on spores. The sporophyte stage is dominent in vascular plants. It is asexual and diploid (2n).
What is a vascular plant?
Vascular plants are known as tracheophytes. They are all terrestrial plants and contains a phylum and a xylem. They are larger.
What is a non vascular plant.
Non vascular plants are known at bryophytes. They have no vascular tubes to transport nutrients and absorb shit from the moist habitats. They don’t have stems or leaves and shit. They have rhizoids which anchor to the ground. They use osmosis to get water. They need water for reproduction. Gametohpytes stage is dominent (n).
What is a gymnosperm.
Gymnosperms are vascular. Pine tree is an example. They have naked seeds protected by cones. Needles retain moisture and they don’t need water for reproduction. Sporophyte stage is dominent.
What is a angiosperm?
Roses and flowers are an example of angiosperms. They are separated into monocots and dicots. They are sporophyte dominant.
What is a the function of a rhizoids
Anchor fungi and absorb nutrient
(Roots) of fungi and non vascular.
What is the function of a rhizome.
Rhizomes is a stem under the ground
What is the function of roots?
To take in water and nutrients from the soil. And support it.
What is the function of a stem?
Provide support
Transport nutrient to leaves and roots
Store stuff
What is the purpose of leaves
Photosynthesis
Food storage
What is the difference between a monocot and dicot.
Monocots and dicots divide angiosperms into two groups.
-Dicots has two embryos while monocots have 1.
-monocots have fibrous root system and dicots have taproot
-Monocots flowers are in multiples of 3, while dicots are 4 or 5.
-dicots have net like veins and monocots have parallèle veins
-monocots ex) grass
-Dicot ex) roses
What is the difference between xylem and phloem?
Xylem transports water
Phloem transports food and nutrients
What are the general characteristics of fungi?
1 eukaryotic
2 multicellular and macroscopic
3 sessile
4 cell walls of chitin
5 heterotrophs
6 need warmth and moisture and oxygen
Fungi are divided into 5 phyla based on spore producing structures, what are they?
Zygomycetes- black mold
Basiciomycetes- mushrooms
Ascomycetes- yeast
Deuteromycetes(imperfect fungi)- penicillin
Mycophycophyta- reindeer moss
