Plant Structure & Function Vocab

Question 1

Non-Vascular Tissue:

Answer 1

Lacks tube-like structures and use other ways to move water and substances throughout the plant.

Question 2

Vascular Tissue

Answer 2

Plant tissue that runs the length of the plant and is used to transport water and nutrients including roots, stems, and leaves.

Question 3

Seeded Plants

Answer 3

Plants that form seeds (Gymnosperms/Angiosperms)

Question 4

Non-Seeded Plants

Answer 4

Plants that form from m spores (moss)

Question 5

Gymnosperms

Answer 5

Plants that DO NOT grow flowers and have exposed seeds (cone-bearing plants)

Question 6

Angiosperms

Answer 6

Plants that DO grow flowers and that have seeds that are usually protected in fruit

Question 7

Roots

Answer 7

Vascular tissue that functions to transport water; anchors plants; holds upright to protect against wind and rain; protects fungus and bacteria.

Question 8

Stem

Answer 8

Supports the leaves and branches; transports water from the roots to leaves; transports products from photosynthesis from leaves to roots to other parts of the plant.

Question 9

Leaves

Answer 9

Site of photosynthesis. Protect against water loss. Allow gases and water to enter and exit the cell.

Question 10

Guard Cells

Answer 10

Cells located on either side of the stoma; control stoma

Question 11

Stoma/Stomata

Answer 11

Opening on the lower surface of the leaf through which water and gases can pass.

Question 12

Autotrophs

Answer 12

Organisms capable of obtaining and producing their own energy. Also called producers. (Plants;Cyanobacteria)

Question 13

Hetertrophs

Answer 13

Organisms that rely on other organisms for their food and energy. (Animals, Fungi, Bacteria)

Question 14

Annuals

Answer 14

Plants that complete their life cycle in one year.

Question 15

Biennials

Answer 15

Plants that complete their life cycle within 2 years.

Question 16

Perennials

Answer 16

Plants that complete their life cycle in more than two years.

Question 17

Xylem

Answer 17

Vascular tissue that transports water through stem to other parts of plant.

Question 18

Pholem

Answer 18

Vascular tissue that transports food through the stem to other parts of the plant.

Question 19

Photosynthesis

Answer 19

The process the plant uses to convert energy from the sun into chemical energy (food). It occurs in the chloroplast. Sunlight +CO2+H2O=Glucose +Oxygen

Question 20

Cellular Respiration

Answer 20

The process of breaking down glucose to produce ATP energy. Respiration can also be aerobic or anaerobic. Occurs in the mitochondria in eukaryotes or cytoplasm in prokaryotes. Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon Dioxide + Water

Question 21

Aerobic Respiration

Answer 21

The process through which cells break down sugars to generate ATP energy in the presence of oxygen. It occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotes and the cytoplasm of prokaryotes.

Question 22

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 22

The process through which cells break down sugars to generate ATP energy in the absence of oxygen. Occurs in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes or eukaryotes. It is also called ¨glycolysis¨.

Question 23

Fermentation

Answer 23

An anaerobic in which energy can be released from glucose in the absence of oxygen. It occurs in yeast or bacteria. The products of fermentation are ethanol and carbon dioxide.

Question 24

Transpiration

Answer 24

Process plant uses to get rid of excess water where the water is transported from the roots, up through the stem and to leaves where it exits the stoma and evaporates.