Plant Structure And Photosynthesis Flashcards
How are palisade leaf cells adapted for photosynthesis?
They have lots of chloroplasts
They are tall meaning they have a large surface area for absorbing CO2
Thin shape means they can be packed in
They’re the top of the leaf
What sort of cell carries out most photosynthesis?
Palisade leaf cells
What cells open and then close the pores on a leaf?
Guard cells
How are guard cells adapted to their purpose?
When the plant has lots of water cells become turgid. This opens the stomata.
When it is short they become flaccid and close.
They have thin outer walls and thin inner walls so they open and close
Sensitive to light so they close at night
Name three types of tissue in leaves
Mesophyll
Xylem and phloem
Epidermal
What does mesophyll tissue do?
It is where the photosynthesis occurs.
What does the xylem and phloem do?
They transport minerals and water.
What does the epidermal tissue do?
It covers the whole plant
Where does gases come in and out of the leaf?
The atoms
Where does photosynthesis happen in cells?
The chloroplasts
How does sunlight get into a leaf?
It beats down on the epidermis and gets through to the palisade cells
How does water get to the leaf?
Through the xylem.
How does co2 get to the leaf?
It diffuses in through the stoma.
What is the limiting factor?
What makes photosynthesis slow down
What affects the rate of photosynthesis?
The water
The amount of CO2
The temperature
Why will light only increase the rate of photosynthesis up to a point?
Because the CO2 or temperature will be limiting it.
Why will carbon dioxide only increase the rate of photosynthesis up to a pint?
It will be limited by the water or CO2
Why does a higher temperature sometimes slow down photosynthesis?
It denatures the enzymes at about 45C
How do plants use glucose?
For respiration Making cell walls Making proteins Storing in seeds Storing as starch
How do plants make cell walls?
They convert the glucose into cellulose to make cell walls
How do plants make proteins?
The glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids.
How do plants use glucose in seeds?
Glucose is turned into lipids and is stored.
Why do plants make starch?
As storage for when photosynthesis isn’t happening in winter.
It is stored and it’s insoluble.
