Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE Biology > Biology Unit 3 > Flashcards

Biology Unit 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards AP® Biology flashcards GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards Biology 101 flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards
0
Q

What effect does a greater difference in concentration do to diffusion?

A

When there is a larger concentration difference (Concentration Gradient) there is a faster rate of diffusion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The movement of a particles of a liquid or gas from an area of high concentration to low concentration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference in concentration called in diffusion?

A

Concentration Gradient.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Give an example of diffusion.

A

Diffusion of CO2 and O2 out and in cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the difference between Osmosis and Diffusion?

A

Diffusion is any gas or liquid while Osmosis is specifically Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What does water need to go through in osmosis?

A

A partially permeable membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does water go to in Osmosis?

A

From a dilute to a higher concentrated liquid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens if cells are put in a solution with a higher solute concentration?

A

The water moves out through osmosis

It then shrivels up and dies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Why would an animal cell burst?

A

Because it is in a dilute solution, causing osmosis into the cell and it eventually bursts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What happens to a plant when placed in a high solute concentration of liquid?

A

The water will leave the cells through osmosis. It will then wilt.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What happens to plants in dilute liquids?

A

Water enters the cell through osmosis.

This fills it up and makes it turgid.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why don’t plant cells burst when filling with water?

A

Because they have cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What do sports drinks contain?

A
  • Sugars
  • water
  • ions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why do sports drinks contain water and ions?

A

To keep the bods at homeostasis. If the concentration is disturbed cells do not work as we’ll.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why do energy drinks contain the same concentration of ions as the body?

A

To not disturb the balance of concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do energy drinks contain a lot of?

A

Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What sort of concentration of ions does a rehydrating drink have in comparison to the body?

A

It has a lower concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is active transport?

A

Where cells absorb substances against a concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What around the cell membrane allows active transport to happen?

A

Large protein molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Why does active transport require respiration?

A

Because it requires energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How is energy used in Active Transport?

A

Energy is used to change the shape of the protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How do proteins push an ion to the more concentrated liquid?

A

They change shape and this pushes them through the cell membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Give an example of Active Transport.

A

Absorption of mineral ions by root hair cells in plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Name two ways a surface can be more effective at exchanging.

A

Being thin

Having a blood supply (Animals)

Ventilation (for gas exchange)

Having a large surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

You need to do page 5-10

A

5-10

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the circulatory system for?

A

Transporting chemicals around the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is the heart for?

A

It is mainly muscle and pumps blood around the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What directions do arteries go in?

A

Away from the heart.

28
Q

What direction do veins go in?

A

Towards the heart

29
Q

Where do pulmonary arteries and veins go?

A

The heart and lungs

30
Q

Which goes on the top, the atria it ventricle?

A

The atria on top, the ventricle below

31
Q

Which side of the heart has a thicker ventricle and why?

A

The left ventricle is large because the muscle needs to push the blood furthest

32
Q

Why does blood go from the atria to the ventricle?

A

Because the valves open and atria contract

33
Q

What do valves do?

A

They stop blood flowing in the wrong direction.

34
Q

Describe the route of blood from the vena Cava round and back again.

A 
Vena Cava
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Pulmonary artery
Lungs
Pulmonary Vein
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Aorta
Body
Vena cava
35
Q

Where does the aorta pump to?

A

The body

36
Q

Where does the pulmonary vein lead?

A

Left atrium

37
Q

Where does the vena cava lead?

A

Right atrium

38
Q

Which has a thinner wall- Artery or Vein?

A

Arteries are thicker

39
Q

Why are artery walls thicker?

A

Higher blood pressure

40
Q

Do arteries have valves?

A

No

41
Q

Why do veins have valves?

A

Because veins have less pressure and need to work back up to the heart. This means that they get pushed around at each heartbeat but blood is pulled down each time by gravity. The valves close and stops this.

42
Q

Why do veins have lower pressures?

A

Because they have spread out into capillaries where the pressure is reduced, before coming together.

43
Q

Are veins or arteries closer to the surface?

A

Arteries are hidden mostly and veins are closer to the surface.

44
Q

What are capillaries?

A

Very narrow and thin blood vessels covering organs

45
Q

Why do arteries have muscular walls?

A

To create a pulse

And to maintain blood pressure

46
Q

Why are arteries elastic?

A

To withstand high blood pressure.

47
Q

What four things are blood made of?

A

Plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets

48
Q

What purpose does plasma serve?

A

It transports CO2 to the lungs
It carries soluble products of digestion
It carries Urea

49
Q

What do red blood cells have as adaptations?

A

No nucleus
Contain haemoglobin
They are biconcave, increasing the surface area

50
Q

What is the purpose of red blood cells?

A

O2 binds to it at the lungs and they carry it to body parts, unwinding at various places in the body.

51
Q

What is the most plentiful substance in blood?

A

Plasma

52
Q

Do white blood cells have a nucleus?

A

Yes

53
Q

What other system are white blood cells in other than the circulatory?

A

Immune System

54
Q

What type ingests pathogens?

A

Phagocytes

55
Q

What do White blood cells produce to kill pathogens?

A

Antibodies

56
Q

What are platelets made of?

A

Fragments of cells

57
Q

What purpose do platelets serve in protecting the blood?

A

They clot and stop pathogens entering

58
Q

How do platelets block a wound?

A

They come out and coat other, along with the other cells in the blood.
They release fibrin, which makes a net like structure and clot the wound

59
Q

When is artificial blood used?

A

When a patient has lost a lot of blood

60
Q

What is the disadvantage of using plasma to replace lost blood?

A

Oxygen is carried less efficiently

61
Q

Where can haemoglobin in artificial blood come from?

A

Blood of humans and cows
Gm bacteria that produce it
Placentas

62
Q

What is a stent?

A

Tubes that can be placed in blood vessels to widen narrow vessels

63
Q

What are stents made of?

A

Metal mesh that does not corrode

64
Q

What is an artificial heart?

A

Devices that replace the ventricles and valves.

They pump blood

65
Q

When are artificial hearts used?

A

When there are no donors

66
Q

What do artificial valves do?

A

They replace diseased valves.

67
Q

What limits an artificial valves life?

A

They eventually corrode away.

GCSE Biology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions