Plant Nutrition Flashcards
What are the 4 key mineral nutrients for plants
Potassium ions
Phosphate ions
Nitrate ions
Magnesium ions
What are nitrate ions used for in plants
Building proteins and growth
What are phosphate ions used for in plants
Respiration and growth
What are magnesium ions used for in plants
Photosynthesis
What are the deficiency symptoms of nitrate ions
Yellow leaves and stunted growth
What are deficiency symptoms of phosphate ions
Poor root growth and discoloured leaves
What are deficiency symptoms of potassium ions
Poor flower and fruit growth and discoloured leaves
Why do plants need nitrate ions
All amino acids contain nitrogen
Why do plants need potassium ions
Must be present for photosynthesis and respiration enzymes to work
What is the use of potassium ions
Makes enzymes involved in respiration and photosynthesis
Why do plants need phosphorus ions
A component of DNA molecules
What are the deficiency symptoms of magnesium ions
Yellowing of leaves (Mg+ is key for chlorophyll)
What is the vein in a plant
The inner part is the xylem the outer part is the phloem
What are the palisade mesophyll
They contain lots of chlorophyll - are the long thin ones. Maximise photosynthesis
What does the spongy mesophyll do
The spread out layer in the middle - has lots of air spaces to increase surface area of all cells so that maximum photosynthesis can occur
What does the epidermis do
Upper epidermis is at the top under the waxy cuticle, Lower epidermis is at the bottom. It protects from water loss and regulates gas exchange, as well as from preventing pathogens from entering
What is the stomata
The hole on the bottom of the leaf where gas exchange occurs
What are the guard cells and how do they work
They swell, so they move apart, opening up the stomata
What does the waxy cuticle do
It stops excess water from entering the leaf, preventing rotting. Light can go through it
What does the xylem do
It transports water
What does the phloem do
Transports minerals - mainly sucrose
What directions do the xylem and phloem move materials
Phloem - both ways
Xylem - up only
Name 4 skibidi stories/interests of Kirby
- FISH FARMING GUY
- Beer barrel
- Deep sea diving (spearfishing rules - catch it, eat it)
- STACKING FIREWOOD (ash, beech and oak)
What is assimilation
Taking products that are consumed and turning them into new tissue
Why do guard cells open in day and close at night
At night, they close because they can’t photosynthesise (no sunlight) so they close to prevent water loss. In the day when (they can photosynthesise) they open to allow gas exchange and regulation of water level
What are potassium ions used for in plants
Respiration and photosynthesis
When do the guard cells become turgid and flacid and what do these words mean
Turgid - full of water - swelled
Flacid - lost water - not swelled
Turgid - stomata open
Flacid - stomata closed
