Plant Identification Flashcards
what are seedless vascular plants?
they produce spores and have veins no seeds
examples of seedless vascular plants?
- ferns
- horsetail
- clubmosses
what are gymnosperms?
they produce cones
examples of gymnosperms?
- conifers
- cypress
- gingko
- ephedra
- plum pines
- cypress
- fir
- spruce
- hemlock
- cedar
- pine
- tamarack
what are angiosperms?
they produce flowers (all fruits) and have seeds
what are the 2 types of angiosperms?
- monocots
2. dicots
examples of monocots?
- grasses
- palms
- orchids
- gingers
- lilies
- aroids
- irises
examples of dicots?
- cacti
- beans
- carrots
- sunflowers
- blueberries
- magnolia
- mints/verbena
- tomatoes
- roses
- daisy
- legumes
- buttercups
- mustard
what are pteridophytes?
ferns -> seedless vascular plant
what are fiddleheads?
ferns -> seedless vascular
what are dioecious plants?
have male and female trees (ginkgo)
what are monoecious plants?
bisexual (90% of all plants)
perfect flowers have both male (stamens) and female (pistils) on the same flower
=> can self pollinate
characteristics of angiosperm Monocot plants?
- one cotyledon
- veins usually parallel
- vascular bundles usually complexly arranged
- fibrous root system
- floral parts usually in multiples of three
characteristics of angiosperm dicot plants?
- two cotyledons
- veins usually nestlike
- vascular bundles usually arranged in ring
- taproot usually present
- floral parts usually in multiples of four or five
what are the 4 types of leaf venation?
- pinnate
- reticulate
- palmate
- 3 main veins (some ceanothus)
- parallel
where is the axillary bud found?
ONLY at leaf junction
what are the 3 leaf types?
- simple
- compound leaf
- double compound leaf
what are the three leaf arrangements?
- alternate
- opposite
- whorled
