halloween special Flashcards
which enzyme is activated when the plant tissue of cruciferous vegetables is crushed, chopped or chewed?
MYROSINASE
how is myrosinase inactivated
through sustained boiling or high heat
what is the mode of action of MYROSINASE?
myrosinase hydrolyzes glucosinolates found in cruciferous vegetables into unstable intermediates + D-glucose.
The unstable intermediates are then converted into thiocyanates and isothiocyanate
SULFOROPHANE is a potent ….
ISOTHIOCYANATE
which pathway Does sulforophane activate?
NRF2 pathway
properties of sulforophane
affects antioxidant and anti-inflammatory genes -> can reduce cancer risk
how does sulforophane affect phase 1 of drug detoxification in liver?
deactivates phase 1 biotransformation enzyme (enzyme responsible for converting pro carcinogens into active carcinogens)
(transforming phase)
how does sulforophane affect phase 2 (conjugation pathway) of drug detoxification in liver?
activates phase 2 detoxification enzymes mediated by the NRF2 pathway => conjugation: deactivate pro carcinogenic agents and transform them into less reactive water-soluble conjugates
which pathway mediates phase 2 of detoxification?
NRF2 pathway
what does phase 1 of drug detoxification entail?
all about oxidation of harmful toxins in order to break them down into less harmful metabolites.
product of phase 1 of detoxification
free radicals
what does phase 2 of drug detoxification entail?
all about conjugation, which uses 6 different pathways to take water-soluble phase 1 metabolites OUT of your body through your bile, urine and stool
when is the danger zone in drug detoxification?
between phase 1 and phase 2 (production of free radicals in phase 1)`
function of NRF2 pathway
NRF2 regulates the expression of cytoprotective proteins that protect agains oxidative stress due to injury and inflammation
what compound is the most potent naturally occurring inducer of NRF2?
sulforophane
