Plant Growth Flashcards
How do plants sustain continual growth?
from regions of constantly diving stem cells that differentiate into necessary tissues and organs
What tells stem cells to stay stem cells?
the Hormone (WUS Protein) from special cells in the meristem
What do meristems allow?
perpetual growth of plant tissues
What is primary growth?
occurs in the roots and shoots at both the apical and axillary buds, to increase height and length
What is secondary growth?
occur in lateral meristems in the stem to increase width
What is the purpose of the root cap?
to protect the apical root meristem as it pushes through soil
What area is located behind the meristem?
the zone of elongation
What do ‘older’ cells make up?
the zone of differentiation, more cells begin to mature into their appropriate types and roles
What is the shoot apical meristem?
dome shaped mass of dividing cells at the shoot tip
What do leaves form from?
the leaf primordia along the sides of the shoot apical meristem
Where do axillary buds develop from?
meristematic cells left at the bases of leaf primordia
What do apical meristems inhibit?
lateral growth by using auxin, called apical dominance
In what plants does secondary growth occur?
gymnosperms and eudicots (woody plants)
What are the two lateral meristems?
vascular cambium
cork cambium
What does the vascular cambium do?
alternates between adding layers of each vascular tissue
divides secondary xylem cells towards the interior, which becomes wood
divides secondary phloem cells towards the exterior
