Planes,Quadrants and Compartments of the abdomen.

Question 1

Name the four imaginary planes and state their locations.

Answer 1

1. Superior horizontal plane (transpyloric plane of Addison)- midway between umbilicus and lower end of body of sternum. The transpyloric plane lies at the level of lower border of L1 and cuts the costal margin at the 9th costal cartilages.
   2.Inferior horizontal plane (intertubercular plane)- upper border of L5 vertebra.
   3.Right and Left vertical planes(midclavicular planes

Question 2

Name the 4 quadrants of the abdominal cavity.

Answer 2

1. Right upper
2. left upper
3. right lower
4. left lower

Question 3

List the contents of the Right hypochondrium.

Answer 3

1. Liver
2. Gallbladder

Pain in the abdomen is due to inflammation or obstruction.

Pain comes from gallbladder and biliary ducts

Question 4

List the contents of the Epigastric region.

Answer 4

1. Stomach
2. Pancreas
3. Duodenum

Pain in this region comes from stomach and duodenum

Question 5

List the contents of the Left hypochondrium.

Answer 5

1. Spleen
2. left colic flexure

Pain in this region comes from the pancreas.

Question 6

What are the contents of the Right lumbar region?

Answer 6

1. right kidney
2. right ureter
3. ascending colon

Pain in this region comes from the right kidney.

Question 7

What are the contents of the umbilical region?

Answer 7

1. Loops of small intestine
2. Aorta
3. Inferior vena cava

Pain in this region comes from small intestine.

Question 8

What are the contents of the left lumbar region?

Answer 8

1. left kidney
2. left ureter
3. descending colon

Pain in this region comes from the left kidney.

Question 9

What are the contents of the Right iliac fossa?

Answer 9

1. caecum
2. appendix

Pain in this region comes from the vermiform appendix.

Question 10

List the contents of the Hypogastric region.

Answer 10

1. coils of small intestine
2. urinary bladder(if distended)
3. uterus(if enlarged)

Pain in this region comes from the urinary bladder and uterus.

Question 11

What are the contents of the left iliac fossa?

Answer 11

1. sigmoid colon

Pain in this region comes from the sigmoid colon.

Question 12

What are the structures at the level of the transpyloric plane?

Answer 12

1. Pylorus & 1st part of the duodenum
2. Fundus of the gall bladder.
3. Neck of the pancreas.
4. Origin of the portal vein
5. Origin of the superior mesenteric artery.
6. Hilum of the kidney.
7. End of the spinal cord

Question 13

State the location and structures at the subcostal plane.

Answer 13

• Level of L3.
• Between the lower points of the costal margin(below 10th costal cartilage)

Structures:
1. 3rd part of duodenum.
2. Origin of inferiorn mesenteric artery

Question 14

Identify the location and structures present at the Intercristal Plane.

Answer 14

1. Level of L4
2. Between the highest points of the iliac crest.

Structures:
* Bifurcation of the abdominal aorta

Question 15

Identify the location and structures present at the Intertubercular Plane.

Answer 15

• Level of L5
• Between the tubercles of the iliac crest.

Structures:
1. Beginning of inferior vena cava