Plan and Policy Development

Question 1

Stage 1: Pre-Planning

Answer 1

Community diagnosis:
- Determine your community’s purpose, capacity, and readiness for planning
- Identify key stakeholders

Process design:
- Establish a budget for planning
- Issue a RFP, if applicable
- Incorporate opportunities for public participation and education

Question 2

Stage 2: Planning

Answer 2

Data Collection and Analysis:
- Assess your community’s data and information needs

Issue Identification:
- Involve local decision-makers and the public in identifying key community issues, challenges, opportunities, and desires
- Identify a vision for the future development of the community

Goal and Objective Formulation:
- Develop goals and measurable objectives to help attain your community’s vision

Strategy Formulation:
- ID potential implementation strategies to satisfy goals and objectives
- Take formal action to adopt the plan

Question 3

Stage 3: Post-Planning

Answer 3

Plan Implementation:
- Adopt a specific course of action to implement the plan

Monitoring and Assessment:
- Monitor progress towards achieving stated goals, objectives and indicators

Question 4

Using Visioning in a Comprehensive Planning Process

Answer 4

https://www3.uwsp.edu/cnr-ap/clue/Documents/publicProcesses/Using_Visioning_in_Comprehensive_Planning_Process.pdf

Question 5

Visioning in Planning for Recovery Management

Answer 5

https://planning.org/publications/document/9139484/

Question 6

APA Quick Notes on Visioning

Answer 6

https://www.planning.org/publications/document/9007612/

Question 7

Visioning

Answer 7

• A process whereby citizens attend a series of meetings that provide an opportunity to offer input on how the community could be in the future
• Early in the planning process
• 20-30-year time horizon
• Purpose is to build consensus

Question 8

Visioning - Advantages

Answer 8

• Catalyst
• Creates excitement
• Keeps process on track
• Keeps implementation moving forward

Question 9

Visioning - Disadvantages

Answer 9

• Adds to cost of planning process. Intensive public participation effort
• Creates unrealistic expectations that the government can’t fulfill
• Dependent on facilitator

Question 10

Dillon’s Rule

Answer 10

Cities - principle that cities, towns and counties have no powers other than those assigned to them by state governments

Question 11

Home Rule

Answer 11

Article or amendment to the state constitution grants cities, municipalities and/or counties the ability to pass laws to govern themselves as they see fit

Question 12

Preemption

Answer 12

When the law of a higher level of government limits or even eliminates the power of a lower level of government

Question 13

Tribal Sovereignty

Answer 13

583 tribal governments recognized as sovereign nations by the U.S. Constitution. 1959 Williams v. Lee - tribes have right to make own laws and be ruled by them.

Question 14

Fiscal Impact Analysis - PAS Report

Answer 14

https://planning.org/publications/report/9026994/

Question 15

Fiscal Impact Analysis

Answer 15

Purpose is to estimate the impact of a development or a land use change or a plan on the costs and revenues of governmental units serving the development.

Looks at:
- City’s property tax rate
- Ave. cost of educating a child in local school system
- Ave. cost per SF of constructing a public bldng

Question 16

Environmental Impact Analysis

Answer 16

NEPA, 1969

Question 17

Environmental Assessment (EA)

Answer 17

Required to determine whether there is a significant enviro. impact

Question 18

Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)

Answer 18

Required for federal actions significantly affecting the quality of the human environment.

4 Sections:
1) Introduction - statement of Purpose and Need of Proposed Action
2) Description of Affected Environment
3) Range of Alternatives to the proposed action. Alternatives considered the “heart” of an EIS
4) Analysis of the environmental impacts of each of the possible alternatives

Address 5 topics:
1) Probable impact of proposed action
2) Any adverse environmental effects that cannot be avoided
3) Alternatives to the proposed action
4) Relationship between local short-term uses of the environment and the maintenance and enhancement of long-term productivity of the land
5) Any irreversible and irretrievable commitments of resources that would be involved in the proposed action

Question 19

Mediation

Answer 19

https://www.wsba.org/docs/default-source/legal-community/elu/resources/elu_luem_resources_zoning_dispute_whisperer_111100.pdf?sfvrsn=28123df1_4

Question 20

Negotiation

Answer 20

Involves discussion to reach an agreement. Usually results in a memorandum of agreement, not generally legally binding

Question 21

Mediation

Answer 21

Involves a 3rd party, but is non-binding.

Question 22

Arbitration

Answer 22

Third party determines a resolution or award which is legally binding.

Question 23

Policy Analysis

Answer 23

Economic, Social, Environmental, Equity impacts

Question 24

The Comprehensive Planning Process

Answer 24

1. Sustainability, resilience and equity
2. Systems-thinking approach
3. Authentic participation
4. Accountable implementation

Question 25

Comp Plan - Scoping

Answer 25

• Why?
• Key objectives
• Work statement/major deliverables
• Milestones
• Constraints
• Exclusions

Question 26

Creating Planning Documents

Answer 26

https://www.planning.org/publications/report/9136804/