Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

REPRO II Exam 1 > Placental Pathology I > Flashcards

Placental Pathology I Flashcards

1
Q

placental delivery

A

third stage of delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

looking at placenta during delivery

A

child surface
maternal surface

all placental vessels - are childs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

trapped placenta

A

cannot deliver

dislodged from wall - but abnormal contraction of lower uterus stops expulsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

placental delivery steps

A

uterus contract - except what is connected to placenta
uterus relaxation - except connected to placenta - dislodge with shear force
global contraction - expels placenta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

important to look at with cord

A

count vessels**

if 2 - structural and chromosomal abnormalities - 35% of time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

progesterone

A

following ovulation increase

-prepares endometrium for implantation - secretory and blood vessel rich

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

placental implantation

A

week 1-2

produce HCG - prevents loss of CL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

trophoectoderm

A

2 layers - of chorionic villi
-synctiotrophoblast
cytotrophoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

spiral arteries

A

from endometrium - go up into placental tissue

smooth muscle cells invaded by cytotrophoblasts

  • high pressure system to low resistance system
  • allows pooling of blood

abnormalities - lead to preeclampsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

eclampsia pathology

A

placental factors to the mother

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

neutrophils on amniotic membrane

A

always abnormal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

first trimester chorionic villi

A 
have syncytiotrophoblast (outer)
 and cytotrophoblasts (inner)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

50% of fertilizations

A

spontaneous abortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

metabolic transfer in chorionic villi

A

most syncytiotrophiblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

third trimester chorionic villi

A

stroma with dense network of dilated capillaries surrounding thinned syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

pregnancy lost <20 weeks

A

spontaneous abortion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

1st trimester abortion

A

chromosomal problem

50% of spontaneous abortions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

2nd trimester abortion

A

mechanical problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

3rd trimester abortion

A

fetoplacental unit problem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

risk factors for spontaneous abortion

A

increased age
history of prior
maternal smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ectopic pregnancy location

A

90% fallopian tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

predispose to ectopic

A

PID - 35-50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

diagnosis of ectopic

A

beta-HCG
ultrasound
laparoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

most important predisposing condition for ectopic?

A

hx of PID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

highest relative risk for ectopic?

A

smoking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

dichorionic

A

fraternal twins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

monochorionic

A

identical twins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

twins get unequal blood supply

A

monochorionic placenta

disproportionate circulation

AV shunt

can cuse death of both

twin twin transfusion syndrome

29
Q

two chorions between amnion

A

dichorion

-fraternal twins

30
Q

one chorion between amnion

A

monochorion

-identical twins

31
Q

implantation of placenta in lower uterus

A

placenta previa

32
Q

retroplacental hemorrhage

A

abruptio placenta

33
Q

placenta into myometrum

A

placenta accreta

due to lack of intervening decidua

34
Q

painful vaginal bleeding

A

abruptio placenta

painful**

35
Q

fetal death

A

with abruptio placenta of 1-3 or more of placenta

36
Q

painless vaginal bleeding in 3rd trimester

A

placenta previa

37
Q

most common cause of antepartum bleeding

A

placenta previa

38
Q

tx for placenta previa

A

C-section

39
Q

loss of decidual basalis

A

with placenta accreta

40
Q

uterine rupture

A

15% of placenta accreta

41
Q

depth of placent accreta

A

accreta - little invasion
increta - partway though
percreta - through to outside

42
Q

cause of placenta accreta

A

endometrial scarring

-previous C section**

43
Q

tx of placenta accreta

A

hysterectomy

44
Q

placental infection

A

ascending - from vagina

hematogenous - TORCH

45
Q

TORCH

A 
toxoplasmosis
other
rubella
CMV
HSV
46
Q

ascending infection

A

group B strep

47
Q

acute chorioamnionitis

A

placenta - greenish membrane - pus and or meconium

baby stressed in uteru

vaginal flora ASCENDS through cervix - after loss of mucous plug**

neutros in membrane

48
Q

villitis

A

inflammation of chorionic villi

-typical of TORCH organisms - from maternal infection

49
Q

proteinuria and edema

A

preeclampsia

-HTN in pregnancy

50
Q

path of preeclampsia

A

maternal endothelial dysfunction

underperfusion of placenta - abnormal adaptation of spiral arteries

51
Q

maternal complications of eclampsia

A

hypercoagulable
DIC
kidney damage

52
Q

preeclampsia vs. eclampsia

A

eclampsia - is final condition

53
Q

seizure, hyperreflex

A

complication of severe preeclampsia

54
Q

hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets

A

HELLP

associated with severe preeclampsia

55
Q

atherosis

A

can occur in preeclampsia

56
Q

hydatidiform mole

A

Hydatidiform mole is a rare mass or growth that forms inside the womb (uterus) at the beginning of a pregnancy.

complete and partial

all elaborate HCG

57
Q

invasive mole

A

perforates uterine wall

58
Q

partial mole

A

fetus parts present**

triploid - ovum and two sperm

59
Q

complete mole

A

no fetus**

diploid - empty ovum

60
Q

high risk of choriocarcinoma

A

complete mole

61
Q

low risk of choriocarcinoma

A

partial mole

62
Q

edematous villi with diffuse trophoblastic proliferation

A

complete mole

63
Q

non-edematous villi with slight trophoblastic proliferation

A

partial mole

64
Q

uterus too large for date and no fetal heart sounds

A

gestational trophoblastic disease - moles

also see painless vaginal bleeding during 4th month

65
Q

grape like clusters

A

partial mole

66
Q

snowstorm appearance on US

A

partial mole

67
Q

choriocarcinoma

A

markedly elevated beta-hCG

lack villous structures

mets to lungs (cannon ball), vagina, brain, liver

68
Q

bloody brown vaginal spotting

A

choriocarcinoma

69
Q

tx of choriocarcinoma

A

chemotherapy - 100% cure or remossion

DOC - methotrexate

REPRO II Exam 1 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions