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REPRO II Exam 1 > Breast Pathology I > Flashcards

Breast Pathology I Flashcards

1
Q

TDLU

A

terminal ductal lobular unit
end of collecting duct in breast

function unit of breast

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2
Q

cell layers of breast

A

inner luminal cells
outer layer of myoepithelial basal cells
surrounding basal lamina layer

all surrounded by fat with arteries, veins, and lymph vessels

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3
Q

tanner scale

A

classification of pubertal breast

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4
Q

coopers ligaments

A

help breast stay elevated

constriction - dimpling

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5
Q

pectoralis fascia

A

forms deep margin of breast for surgery

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6
Q

expanding duct

A

bad sign

can form abscess and fissures to outside

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7
Q

lactiferous duct

A

enlarged and dilated near base of nipple - at lactiferous sinus

sinus - holds milk and discharges with smooth m contraction

cross section - scalloped - to allow expansion

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8
Q

most breast cancer

A

arise from TDLU

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9
Q

TDLU stroma

A

less dense

collagenous

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10
Q

S100

A

stains the myoepithelial cell protein

IPX stain

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11
Q

mammaglobin

A

breast secretion protein

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12
Q

luminal cells

A

secretory

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13
Q

myoepithelial cells

A

BM equivalent for invasion of cancer

S100 marker

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14
Q

young breast

A

harder to see on mammogram

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15
Q

ductal carcinoma

A

typically estrogen positive

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16
Q

basal carcinoma

A

typically estrogen negative

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17
Q

oxytocin

A

myoepithelial contraction - milk letdown

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18
Q

colostrum

A

earliest milk

-higher in protein and lower in lipids

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19
Q

supernumerary nipples

A

milk line remnants

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20
Q

older breasts

A

lobules decrease in size and number

interlobular stroma replaced by adipose

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21
Q

higher risk of lactiferous sinus obstruction

A

with inverted nipple

also difficulty breastfeeding

if congenital

22
Q

acquired inverted nipple

A

must rule out underlying pathology - malignancy

23
Q

painful breast cancer

A

only 10%

24
Q

mastodynia

A

painful breast

aka mastalgia

25
Q

bloody nipple discharge

A

must be investigated

26
Q

galactorrhea

A

milky discharged associated with prolactin and meds

27
Q

most presentation of breast cancer

A

abnormal mammogram

then palpable mass

some pain and nipple discharge

28
Q

patient symptoms of breast cancer

A

most often - lumpiness or palpable mass

29
Q

mammogram

A

sensitivity and specificity improve with age
-due to decreased density

see densities - to 1cm
microcalcifications

30
Q

ultrasound of breast

A

differentiate cystic vs. solid

31
Q

posterior shadow

A

on U/S of breast with solid lesion

32
Q

malignant calcifications

A

small, irregular, clustered and numerous

commonest way to diagnose DCIS

33
Q

diagnosis of palpable breast pass

A

cytology
biopsy - needle core, incisional, excisional
simultaneous staging (if malignant)

34
Q

negative FNA rule out cancer

A

no

10% false negative rate

35
Q

needle core biopsy

A

can determine if invasion has occured

can also do cytohisto marker studies

36
Q

needle localization

A

to determine location of breast palpable mass

37
Q

modified radical mastectomy

A

also removes axillary nodes

NOT pectoralis muscle

38
Q

radical mastectomy

A

removes pectoralis muscle

39
Q

lactational mastitis

A

acute mastitis - first month post partum (puerperal)

segmental with acute inflammation - 10% to abscess

start - nipple fissure and stasis - skin bacteria infection
-staph aureus and strep

40
Q

non-lactational mastitis

A

periareolar - mammary duct ectasia

peripheral

41
Q

mammary duct ectasia

A

obstructed lactiferous sinus at level of nipple

-with inverted nipple - and cigarette smoking

42
Q

cigarette smoking

A

squamous metaplasia of lactiferous sinus - with keratin plugging

leads to non-lactational mastitis

43
Q

periductal mastitis

A

with rupture

44
Q

painful nursing

A

obstruction of breast duct

45
Q

ectasis

A

dilation

46
Q

ductogram

A

radio-opaque dye injected to sub-areolar sinus through openings of nipple

dye outlines duct architecture

47
Q

trauma to breast

A

can lead to fat necrosis

48
Q

fat necrosis

A

trauma to breast
-liquefactive necrosis of fat cells release cytoplasmic fat

acute foreign body granulomatous response - fibrosis repair

requires biopsy**

49
Q

hard breast mass, dimpling of skin, following trauma

A

fat necrosis

50
Q

breast implants

A

can induce fibrosis

  • form constricting capsule - causes implant to rupture
  • hard to determine cancer with implants
51
Q

implants

A

no link to disease

52
Q

atypical ductal hyperplasia

A

bridges form in ducts

REPRO II Exam 1 (14 decks)

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