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HRM - Anatomy/Embryology/Histology > Pituitary Gland Histology > Flashcards

Pituitary Gland Histology Flashcards

1
Q

Which glands make amino acid derivative hormones?

A

Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreatic islets

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2
Q

Which glands make cholesterol derivative hormones?

A

Gonads, adrenal cortex

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3
Q

Which portions of the pituitary come from Rathke’s pouch?

A

Pars distalis, pars intermedia, pars tuberalis

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4
Q

Which portions of the pituitary come from the diencephalon?

A

Pars nervosa, infundibulum

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5
Q

What is the artery that goes into the anterior lobe?

A

Superior hypophysial artery

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6
Q

What structures make up the “Anterior lobe”?

A

Pars tuberalis, pars distalis

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7
Q

What structures make up the “Posterior lobe”?

A

Pars nervosa, infundibulum

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8
Q

What artery supplies the inferior pituitary?

A

Lateral and medial branches of inferior hypophyseal artery

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9
Q

What drains the blood from the pituitary?

A

Hypophyseal veins

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10
Q

What does the pars distalis look like?

A

Cords of irregular cells
Sinusoidal capillaries
Colloid

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11
Q

What two cell types are the prevalent cells of the pars distalis?

A

Chromophobes, chromophils

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12
Q

What endocrine cells are acidophils in the pars distalis?

A

Somatotrophs

Mammotrophs

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13
Q

What do mammotrophs produce?

A

Prolactin

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14
Q

What do somatotrophs produce?

A

Gonadotropin

Somatotropin

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15
Q

What endocrine cells are basophils in the pituitary gland?

A

Thyrotrophs
Gonadotrophs
Corticotrophs

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16
Q

What do thyrotrophs produce?

A

TSH

17
Q

What do gonadotrophs produce?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

Luteinizing hormone

18
Q

What do Corticotrophs produce?

A

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Melanocyte-stimulating hormone

19
Q

What is the male version of luteinizing hormone called?

A

Interstitial stimulating hormone (ICSH)

20
Q

What are rathke’s cysts and where are they located?

A

Remnants of Rathke’s pouch

In Pars Intermedia

21
Q

What are Rathke’s cysts often filled with?

A

Colloid

22
Q

What do cells in the pars tuberalis contain?

A

FSH and LH

23
Q

What do cells in the paraventricular nucleus produce?

A

Oxytocin

24
Q

What do cells in the supraoptic nucleus produce?

A

ADH

25
Q

Where do neurosecretory vesicles accumulate?

A

Dilated terminals next to capillaries (Herring Bodies)

26
Q

What are the supportive cells around the pars nervosa called?

A

Pituicytes

27
Q

What are pituitary cells most similar to?

A

Astrocytes

28
Q

If you see nuclei on a slide of the pars nervosa, what is it?

A

Pituicytes

29
Q

What cells are affected by oxytocin?

A

Myoepithelial cells of the alveoli and alveolar ducts in mammary glands

HRM - Anatomy/Embryology/Histology (16 decks)

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