Pituitary Gland Histology Flashcards
Which glands make amino acid derivative hormones?
Pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, pancreatic islets
Which glands make cholesterol derivative hormones?
Gonads, adrenal cortex
Which portions of the pituitary come from Rathke’s pouch?
Pars distalis, pars intermedia, pars tuberalis
Which portions of the pituitary come from the diencephalon?
Pars nervosa, infundibulum
What is the artery that goes into the anterior lobe?
Superior hypophysial artery
What structures make up the “Anterior lobe”?
Pars tuberalis, pars distalis
What structures make up the “Posterior lobe”?
Pars nervosa, infundibulum
What artery supplies the inferior pituitary?
Lateral and medial branches of inferior hypophyseal artery
What drains the blood from the pituitary?
Hypophyseal veins
What does the pars distalis look like?
Cords of irregular cells
Sinusoidal capillaries
Colloid
What two cell types are the prevalent cells of the pars distalis?
Chromophobes, chromophils
What endocrine cells are acidophils in the pars distalis?
Somatotrophs
Mammotrophs
What do mammotrophs produce?
Prolactin
What do somatotrophs produce?
Gonadotropin
Somatotropin
What endocrine cells are basophils in the pituitary gland?
Thyrotrophs
Gonadotrophs
Corticotrophs
What do thyrotrophs produce?
TSH
What do gonadotrophs produce?
Follicle stimulating hormone
Luteinizing hormone
What do Corticotrophs produce?
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Melanocyte-stimulating hormone
What is the male version of luteinizing hormone called?
Interstitial stimulating hormone (ICSH)
What are rathke’s cysts and where are they located?
Remnants of Rathke’s pouch
In Pars Intermedia
What are Rathke’s cysts often filled with?
Colloid
What do cells in the pars tuberalis contain?
FSH and LH
What do cells in the paraventricular nucleus produce?
Oxytocin
What do cells in the supraoptic nucleus produce?
ADH
Where do neurosecretory vesicles accumulate?
Dilated terminals next to capillaries (Herring Bodies)
What are the supportive cells around the pars nervosa called?
Pituicytes
What are pituitary cells most similar to?
Astrocytes
If you see nuclei on a slide of the pars nervosa, what is it?
Pituicytes
What cells are affected by oxytocin?
Myoepithelial cells of the alveoli and alveolar ducts in mammary glands
