Oviduct histology

Question 1

What are the divisions of the oviduct?

Answer 1

Ampulla
Isthmus
Intramural portion

Question 2

How is the intramural segment different from the isthmus and ampulla hisotologically?

Answer 2

No folds (almost)
No cilia

Question 3

What is outside the mucosa in the oviduct?

Answer 3

Lamina propria

Thick muscularis

Question 4

When does tubular peristalsis occur?

Answer 4

Luteal phase

Question 5

What are the anatomic divisions of the uterus?

Answer 5

Body
Fundus
Cervix

Question 6

What are the layers of the uterus?

Answer 6

Endometrium (mucosa)
Myometrium (muscularis)
Perimetrium (serosa)

Question 7

What is the epithelium like in the endometrium?

Answer 7

Simple tubular glands

Simple columnar epithelium with cilia

Question 8

What are the zones of the endometrium?

Answer 8

Basal layer

Funcional layer

Question 9

What is the role of the basal layer?

Answer 9

Not shed during menstruation

Regenerates functional layer

Question 10

What are the two layers within the functional layer?

Answer 10

Superficial compact layer

Deep spongy layer

Question 11

What changes do the smooth myocytes undergo during pregnancy?

Answer 11

Hypertrophy (~10x)

Hyperplasia

Question 12

Where does the blood supply come from for the endometrium?

Answer 12

Uterine arteries
Arcuate arteries
Spiral arteries/Straight arteries
Capillaries

Question 13

What are the five phases to the menstrual cycle?

Answer 13

Proliferative phase
Secretory phase
Premenstrual phase 
Menstrual phase
Repair phase

Question 14

What is the predominant hormone in the proliferative phase?

Answer 14

Estrogen

Question 15

What is the predominant hormone in the secretory phase?

Answer 15

Progesterone

Question 16

What layer thickens in the proliferative phase?

Answer 16

Functional layer

Question 17

What do cells accumulate in the proliferative phase?

Answer 17

Glycogen

Question 18

What phase is characterized by glandular growth, the further accumulation of glycogen, and elongation of coiled arteries?

Answer 18

Secretory phase

Question 19

What do glands look like on cross section during the secretory phase?

Answer 19

Very tortuous

Sawtooth, perhaps

Question 20

What happens during the premenstrual phase?

Answer 20

Constriction of coiled arteries in response to decreased progesterone
Anoxia induced tissue necrosis

Question 21

What happens in them menstrual phase?

Answer 21

Functional layer of endometrium undergoes complete necrosis and is shed

Question 22

Why does the blood not clot in the menstrual phase?

Answer 22

Presence of fibrolysin

Question 23

What is the mucosa like for the cervix?

Answer 23

Simple columnar

Branching cervical glands

Question 24

What hormones makes cervical secretion less viscous?

Answer 24

estrogen

Question 25

Where is the transition to stratified squamous epithelium in the uterus?

Answer 25

External cervical os

Question 26

Where do most precancerous and carcinoma lesions develop?

Answer 26

Squamocolumnar jxn

Question 27

If the gland ducts become occluded, what pathological structure occurs?

Answer 27

Nabothian cyst

Question 28

What effect does progesterone have on the cervical mucus?

Answer 28

Increases viscosity

Retards particle passage

Question 29

What creates an acidic environment of the vagina?

Answer 29

Lactobacilli

Metabolizing glycogen into lactic acid