Oviduct histology Flashcards
What are the divisions of the oviduct?
Ampulla
Isthmus
Intramural portion
How is the intramural segment different from the isthmus and ampulla hisotologically?
No folds (almost) No cilia
What is outside the mucosa in the oviduct?
Lamina propria
Thick muscularis
When does tubular peristalsis occur?
Luteal phase
What are the anatomic divisions of the uterus?
Body
Fundus
Cervix
What are the layers of the uterus?
Endometrium (mucosa)
Myometrium (muscularis)
Perimetrium (serosa)
What is the epithelium like in the endometrium?
Simple tubular glands
Simple columnar epithelium with cilia
What are the zones of the endometrium?
Basal layer
Funcional layer
What is the role of the basal layer?
Not shed during menstruation
Regenerates functional layer
What are the two layers within the functional layer?
Superficial compact layer
Deep spongy layer
What changes do the smooth myocytes undergo during pregnancy?
Hypertrophy (~10x)
Hyperplasia
Where does the blood supply come from for the endometrium?
Uterine arteries
Arcuate arteries
Spiral arteries/Straight arteries
Capillaries
What are the five phases to the menstrual cycle?
Proliferative phase Secretory phase Premenstrual phase Menstrual phase Repair phase
What is the predominant hormone in the proliferative phase?
Estrogen
What is the predominant hormone in the secretory phase?
Progesterone
What layer thickens in the proliferative phase?
Functional layer
What do cells accumulate in the proliferative phase?
Glycogen
What phase is characterized by glandular growth, the further accumulation of glycogen, and elongation of coiled arteries?
Secretory phase
What do glands look like on cross section during the secretory phase?
Very tortuous
Sawtooth, perhaps
What happens during the premenstrual phase?
Constriction of coiled arteries in response to decreased progesterone
Anoxia induced tissue necrosis
What happens in them menstrual phase?
Functional layer of endometrium undergoes complete necrosis and is shed
Why does the blood not clot in the menstrual phase?
Presence of fibrolysin
What is the mucosa like for the cervix?
Simple columnar
Branching cervical glands
What hormones makes cervical secretion less viscous?
estrogen
Where is the transition to stratified squamous epithelium in the uterus?
External cervical os
Where do most precancerous and carcinoma lesions develop?
Squamocolumnar jxn
If the gland ducts become occluded, what pathological structure occurs?
Nabothian cyst
What effect does progesterone have on the cervical mucus?
Increases viscosity
Retards particle passage
What creates an acidic environment of the vagina?
Lactobacilli
Metabolizing glycogen into lactic acid
