Oviduct histology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the divisions of the oviduct?

A

Ampulla
Isthmus
Intramural portion

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2
Q

How is the intramural segment different from the isthmus and ampulla hisotologically?

A
No folds (almost)
No cilia
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3
Q

What is outside the mucosa in the oviduct?

A

Lamina propria

Thick muscularis

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4
Q

When does tubular peristalsis occur?

A

Luteal phase

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5
Q

What are the anatomic divisions of the uterus?

A

Body
Fundus
Cervix

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6
Q

What are the layers of the uterus?

A

Endometrium (mucosa)
Myometrium (muscularis)
Perimetrium (serosa)

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7
Q

What is the epithelium like in the endometrium?

A

Simple tubular glands

Simple columnar epithelium with cilia

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8
Q

What are the zones of the endometrium?

A

Basal layer

Funcional layer

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9
Q

What is the role of the basal layer?

A

Not shed during menstruation

Regenerates functional layer

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10
Q

What are the two layers within the functional layer?

A

Superficial compact layer

Deep spongy layer

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11
Q

What changes do the smooth myocytes undergo during pregnancy?

A

Hypertrophy (~10x)

Hyperplasia

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12
Q

Where does the blood supply come from for the endometrium?

A

Uterine arteries
Arcuate arteries
Spiral arteries/Straight arteries
Capillaries

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13
Q

What are the five phases to the menstrual cycle?

A
Proliferative phase
Secretory phase
Premenstrual phase 
Menstrual phase
Repair phase
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14
Q

What is the predominant hormone in the proliferative phase?

A

Estrogen

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15
Q

What is the predominant hormone in the secretory phase?

A

Progesterone

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16
Q

What layer thickens in the proliferative phase?

A

Functional layer

17
Q

What do cells accumulate in the proliferative phase?

A

Glycogen

18
Q

What phase is characterized by glandular growth, the further accumulation of glycogen, and elongation of coiled arteries?

A

Secretory phase

19
Q

What do glands look like on cross section during the secretory phase?

A

Very tortuous

Sawtooth, perhaps

20
Q

What happens during the premenstrual phase?

A

Constriction of coiled arteries in response to decreased progesterone
Anoxia induced tissue necrosis

21
Q

What happens in them menstrual phase?

A

Functional layer of endometrium undergoes complete necrosis and is shed

22
Q

Why does the blood not clot in the menstrual phase?

A

Presence of fibrolysin

23
Q

What is the mucosa like for the cervix?

A

Simple columnar

Branching cervical glands

24
Q

What hormones makes cervical secretion less viscous?

A

estrogen

25
Q

Where is the transition to stratified squamous epithelium in the uterus?

A

External cervical os

26
Q

Where do most precancerous and carcinoma lesions develop?

A

Squamocolumnar jxn

27
Q

If the gland ducts become occluded, what pathological structure occurs?

A

Nabothian cyst

28
Q

What effect does progesterone have on the cervical mucus?

A

Increases viscosity

Retards particle passage

29
Q

What creates an acidic environment of the vagina?

A

Lactobacilli

Metabolizing glycogen into lactic acid