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HRM - Anatomy/Embryology/Histology > Ovarian Histology > Flashcards

Ovarian Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the exocrine functions of the ovary?

A

Ova production

Cytogenic secretion

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2
Q

What are the endocrine functions of the ovary?

A

Estrogen production

Progesterone production

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3
Q

What structures within the ovary produce estrogen?

A

Theca interna

Theca granulosa

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4
Q

Which structure in the ovary produces progesterone?

A

Corpus luteum

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5
Q

What structures suspend the ovary?

A

Mesovarium
Peritoneal covering
Hilum

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6
Q

What type of tissue makes up the ovarian medulla?

A

Loose fibroelastic connective tissue

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7
Q

What structures make up the ovarian cortex?

A

Tunic albuginea

Stroma

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8
Q

Where do primordial germ cells come from?

A

Yolk sac

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9
Q

During which fetal month do oogonia become 1° oocytes?

A

Third

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10
Q

In what phase of mitosis/meiosis are 1° oocytes arrested?

A

Prophase 1

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11
Q

In what phase are 2° oocytes arrested?

A

Metaphase II

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12
Q

When is the first meiosis completed?

A

Just prior to ovulation

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13
Q

When is the second first meiosis completed?

A

Just after fertilization

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14
Q

What are the six phases of follicular development?

A 
Primordial follicle
Unilaminar primary follicle
Multilaminar primary follicle
Secondary follicle
Graafian (mature) follicle
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15
Q

What two cell types are involved with primordial follicles?

A

1° oocyte

Follicular cells

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16
Q

What is the zona pellucida made of?

A

Gel-like neutral proteins

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17
Q

What structure forms during secondary follicle formation?

A

The antrum

18
Q

What cells form around the oocyte inside the theca?

A

Granulosa cells

19
Q

What cells are in the theca interna?

A

follicle cells

20
Q

What do follicle cells produce?

A

Androgens

21
Q

What do granulosa cells produce?

A

Estrogen

22
Q

How much time does it take to mature an immature follicle?

A

3 months

23
Q

What signals the final maturation of graafian follicles?

A

LH

24
Q

When is the first polar body produced?

A

When the 1° oocyte becomes the 2° oocyte

25
Q

What is the bundle of granulosa cells around the oocyte in a graafian follicle?

A

Corona Cumulus oophorus

26
Q

What What is left behind in the ovary by a released ovum?

A

Corpus luteum

27
Q

What role does FSH play in ovulation?

A

Stimulates granulosa cell growth and estrogen synthesis

Stimulates LH receptor synth

28
Q

What role does LH play in ovulation?

A

Stimulates thecal cell growth and androgen production

Stimulates progesterone production in granulosa cells

29
Q

What, specifically, is the trigger for ovulation?

A

LH surge

30
Q

What enzyme is important for conversion of Testosterone to estrogen?

A

Aromatase

31
Q

What must the testosterone cross in order to become estrogen?

A

Leave theca cell
Cross Membrana granulosa
Enter granulosa cell

32
Q

What hormone levels increase substantially during the luteal phase?

A

Progesterone

33
Q

What does the corpus luteum become after 14 days and with no pregnancy?

A

Corpora albicans

34
Q

What maintains the corpus luteum in pregnancy?

A

HCG

35
Q

What is the role of estrogen in the menstrual cycle?

A

Directs repair of uterus following menstruation

36
Q

What hormone primarily stimulates the breasts to develop?

A

Estrogen

37
Q

What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?

A

Prepares uterus for implantation (pro-gestation)

38
Q

What makes relaxin?

A

Corpus luteum and decidual cells of placenta

39
Q

What is the role of relaxin?

A

Inhibits contractions of myometrium during pregnancy
Promotes cervical dilation
Relaxes symphysis pubis

40
Q

What is the role of inhibin?

A

Negative FSH feedback

HRM - Anatomy/Embryology/Histology (16 decks)

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