Pigmentary System Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is melanin formed? What happens to it as cells mature?

A
  • melanocytes produce melanosomes in basal layer of epidermis
  • transferred to keratinocytes
  • during anagen transerred to hair matrix cells
  • as keratinocytes -> stratum coreum granules degraded by lysosomes.
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2
Q

2 types of melanin

A
> eumelanins 
- black
- insoluble
- oval melonsomes
- much researched
> phaemelanins
- red bornw/yellow
- soluble in alkali
- round melanosomes
- little researched
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3
Q

Where must diseases affect in order to cuase pigmentary changes?

A
  • hair matrix

- basal layer of epidermis

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4
Q

causes of hyperpigmentation?

A
  • recent inflammation
  • endocrine
  • lentigo (macular melanosis in mature dogs, +- epidermal thickening)
  • lentigo simplex (orange cats <1yr black spots on lips, gums, eyelids, nose)
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5
Q

Causes of hypopigmentation?

A
  • damage to epidermis/hair follicle
  • interface autoimmune disease
  • viteligo (autoimmune attack against melanocytes)
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6
Q

2 causes of sunlight based skin damage?

A
  1. excessive exposure on lightyl pigmented skin

2. photosensitivity or photoallergy (reaction of chemical promoted bu UV light)

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7
Q

causes of photosensitisation>

A
  • administered drugs
  • absorbed from food (plants)
  • abnormal metabolism due to hepativ disease/genetic abnormalities
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