Pig Respiratory Disease Flashcards
changes at weaning for piglets
Moved pens Mixed with others/larger groups Change of feed No mother Routine treatments Early weaning - can help, can leave a vulnerable population
Neonatal respiratory disease + pathogens
Progressive atrophic rhinitis
Actinobacillus suis
Bordetella bronchisepticum
resp diseases + pathogens in pre-weaned pigs
Progressive atrophic rhinitis Bordetella bronchisepticum Inclusion body rhinitis (pig CMV) Enzootic pneumonia (Mycoplasma sp) PRRSV (porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus). Glassers disease (Haemophilus parasuis)
Resp diseases + pathogens in weaners, growers and finishers
Bordetella bronchiseptica Glassers disease Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia Pasteurella multocida Mycoplasma hyopneumonia (EP) / hyorrhinis PRRSV Porcine respiratory coronavirus (PRCV) Influenza PMWS?/PCVAD (Aujeszky’s disease (pig herpesvirus 1))
Significant resp diseases + pathogens in non-immune adult pigs
Glassers disease Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae Pasteurellosis Enzootic pneumonia PRRSV Influenza
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae
Great economic importance
30-80% pigs have lesions at slaughter
‘enzootic pneumonia’ - only caused by this pathogens
Some evidence of other mycoplasmas being involved
in respiratory disease
in weaned pigs
M.hyopneumoniae - clinical signs
coughing
decr food conversion efficiency (FCE)
variation in growth
M.hyopneumoniae - diagnosis
Clinical signs Lung lesions at slaughter Culture/PCR Histology Serology
M.hyopneumoniae - epidiology
Direct contact
Carrier sows
Aerosol 2 miles
Actinobacilus pleuropneumoniae (APP)
12 subtypes but cross reactions occur
Explosive outbreaks of pneumonia with high morbidity and mortality
Seroconversion with few clinical signs
APP - diagnosis
Clinical signs – acute fatal respiratory disease with
fibrinous pleuritis and firm lung infarcts
Culture, PCR
Lung lesions
Serology
APP - Epidemiology
Direct contact – esp fighting after mixing
Movement of pigs – aerosol limited
Survives in water/mucus
Atrophic rhinitis
Toxigenic Pasteurella multocida with Bordetella bronchiseptica
Less in recent years – better management
Colonisation of nasal mucosa by BS with production of
cytotoxin
PM damages osteoblasts and enhances osteoclast
activity - turbinate bone degeneration
Aujeszky’s disease
Swine herpesvirus type 1 (SHV1)
Notifiable and not present in UK (present in NI).
Slaughter policy in UK, targeted vaccination in NI,
Ireland, Spain.
Aujeszky’s disease - Clinical presentation
age and strain specific: <15% Adult: few clinical signs Abortion and mummification URT coughing Rare neurological signs
swine influenza virus (SIV) - clinical signs
Pyrexia, lethargic, prostrate Skin erythema, anorexic Severe cough sneezing, dyspnoea Conjunctivitis Recovery equally rapid (5 days) Pregnant sows may abort
SIV - diagnosis
Clinical signs
Serology
Virus isolation
Lung lesions help – clear demarcation of lesions in
cranial and middle lobes, interstitial pneumonia
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS)
Arterivirus
Virus replicates in and destroys macrophages and
endothelial cells → vasculitis
mummified, stillborn or live piglets
PRRS - clinical signs
weaned pigs, tachypnoea, thumping, eyelid oedema and conjunctivitis
PRRS - diagnosis
clinical signs
Gross pathology - moderate to severe interstitial pneumonia
Virus isolation
Serology
PRRS - control methods
Vaccination
Stabilise infection
Eradication
Depop-repop
depop-repop method
Infection transmits up to 3km
Purchase uninfected stock and quarantine / test at isolation.
Purchase uninfected semen
stabilise infection method
Expose gilts / vaccinate prior to breeding.
Stream grower pigs in separate airspaces
PCV-2/PMWS
PCV-2 associated disease – respiratory component is very important Immunosuppressive 90% UK pigs seropositive Involved in many disease syndromes
