PICLEC: GROUP VA & VB Flashcards
This group is known as “Pnictogens” - to choke
GROUP VA - THE NITROGEN GROUP
This group contains the elements:
N, P, As, Sb, Bi
GROUP VA - THE NITROGEN GROUP
GROUP VA
- Named as “Mephitic air”by D. Rutherford and “Azote” meaning ‘without life’ by A.Lavoisier
NITROGEN
GROUP VA
- It is 79% by volume in the atmosphere
- Can be found in nature as Chile saltpeter (sodium nitrate)
- Found in soil
- Necessity for development of plants
NITROGEN
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Known as “Laughing gas”
NITROGEN OXIDE
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Has exhilarating effect when inhaled
- Used as Analgesic/ Analgesia (treatment of pain) and Anesthetic (loss of sensation)
NITROGEN OXIDE
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Known as “Alkaline air”
AMMONIA
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Colorless gas with strong pungent odor
- Produced commercially by Haber process
AMMONIA
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
AMMONIA
- Known to be Ammonia water
AMMONIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Used for refrigeration and manufacture of artificial ice
LIQUID AMMONIA
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- This is a ‘Stronger ammonia water’
- Contains 27-29% of NH3 (Ammonia)
- Used in manufacture of Ammonium salts, nitric acid, fertilizers
STRONG AMMONIA SOLUTION
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Known as Ammonia water; “Spirit of Hartshorn” ; “Household ammonia”
- Contains 9-10% of NH3 (ammonia)
DILUTED AMMONIA SOLUTION
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Contains 27-29% of NH3 (Ammonia)
- Used in manufacture of Ammonium salts, nitric acid, fertilizers
STRONG AMMONIA SOLUTION
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Product of destructive distillation pf horns of male deer
SPIRIT OF HARTSHORN
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Used for cleaning and washing due to water softening and saponifying (Creation of soap) properties
HOUSEHOLD AMMONIA
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Used as sedative
AMMONIUM BROMIDE
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Known as ‘Sal volatile’ , ‘Preston salt’, ‘Hartshorn’
AMMONIUM CARBONATE
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Used as Reflex stimulant (pinapaamoy)
- As Expectorant (expel cough and phlegm)
AMMONIUM CARBONATE
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Known as ‘Spirit of sal’
AROMATIC AMMONIA SPIRIT
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Used as Gastric stimulant, Carminative (Anti-flatulence), Antacid
AROMATIC AMMONIA SPIRIT
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Known as ‘Spirit of mindererus’
AMMONIUM ACETATE SOLUTION
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Known as ‘Mitsura pectoralis’ and ‘Stoke’s expectorant’
EXPECTORANT MIXTURE
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Known as ‘Muriate of Ammonia’ and ‘Sal ammoniac’
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
GROUP VA - NITROGEN
- Used as expectorant and diuretic (increases water volume)
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE
GROUP VA
- Its greek word is “I bear light” = Phosphorescence
PHOSPHORUS
GROUP VA
- Its properties:
ALLOTROPES
- White P
- Red P
- Scarlet P
- Violet P
- Black P
PHOSPHORUS
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
ALLOTROPES:
- Considered to be the most reactive; stored under kerosene
WHITE P
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
ALLOTROPES:
- Considered to be the less reactive than white P
RED P
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
ALLOTROPES:
- It is obtained by heating PI3 with Hg; It is mixed with potassium chlorate to make matches
SCARLET P
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
ALLOTROPES:
- It is obtained by heating white P with Na (sodium)
VIOLET P
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
ALLOTROPES:
- Considered to be the least reactive
- It can be obtained by heating P with Pb
BLACK P
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
- Known to be Phosphine (PH3) ; Phosphorescence = “Will-o-wisp” or “Ignus fatuus”
HYDRIDES OF PHOSPHORUS (PHOSPHINE)
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
- It is colorless, poisonous gas with rotten fish odor
- Product of putrefaction (putrify=pinapabulok) of organic material
HYDRIDES OF PHOSPHORUS (PHOSPHINE)
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
- PF3, PF5, PCl3, PCl5, PBr3, PBr5, PI3
HALIDES OF PHOSPHORUS
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
- P2S5, P4S7, P4S3
SULFIDES OF PHOSPHORUS
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
- Known as Diphosphorus pentoxide (P2O5); “Flowers of P”
OXIDES OF PHOSPHORUS
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
- Used for drying gases
OXIDES OF PHOSPHORUS (DIPHOSPHORUS PENTOXIDE)
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
- Known as Phosphoric acid or Orthophosphoric acid
ACIDS OF PHOSPHORUS
GROUP VA - PHOSPHORUS
- A triprotic acid
- Used as gastric tonic and stimulant
- Its diluted form = Treatment of Pb poisoning
ACIDS OF PHOSPHORUS (PHOSPHORIC ACID)
GROUP VA
- It burns with bluish flame that produces Arsenic trioxide
- A Protoplasmic poison
1. Its compounds destroy all cells (virus cells, bacteria, and human cells, etc.)
2. Antidote: Dimercaprol of BAL (British Anti Lewisite)
ARSENIC
GROUP VA
- A component of Salvarsan (salvarsan comes from the word salvage =save)
ARSENIC
GROUP VA
- Known as Arsphenamine or Compound 606 (paul erlich tested 10,000 compound for syphilis)
- Used in the Treatment of syphilis
ARSENIC
GROUP VA - ARSENIC
- It is extremely poisonous
- Formally used as alternative tonic (tonic=restores energy/ increases vital and health
1. gradually restore proper function of the body
2. in small doses, appetite stimulant
ARSENIC TRIODIDE
GROUP VA - ARSENIC
- Extremely poisonous
- Formally used as alternative tonic
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE
GROUP VA - ARSENIC
- Known as ‘Arsenic chloride solution’
- Acidic
ARSENIOUS ACID SOLUTION
GROUP VA - ARSENIC
- Know. as ‘Fowler’s solution’
- Basic (base)
POTASSIUM ARSENITE SOLUTION
GROUP VA
- Known as ‘Stibium’ , ‘Kohl’, ‘Antimonium’
ANTIMONY
GROUP VA - ANTIMONY
- Known as ‘Tartar emetic’
ANTIMONY POTASSIUM TARTRATE
GROUP VA - ANTIMONY
- An emetic, followed by depression
- Depressant expectorant
- IV (intraveinous = attached to vein): Treatment of Visceral leishmaniasis - “Kala Azar” or “Black fever”
ANTIMONY POTASSIUM TARTRATE
GROUP VA - ANTIMONY
- Known as “Butter of Antimony, “Mineral butter”
ANTIMONY TRICHLORIDE
GROUP VA
- Known as ‘Wismut’, ‘Wissmat’
BISMUTH
GROUP VA
- Colloidal (malalaki na substance) Bi - Antisyphilitic (Anti syphilis)
- Black stool = common side effect in preparation
BISMUTH
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- IM (intramuscular=90 degrees yung turok): Treatment of syphilis
BISMUTH POTASSIUM TARTRATE
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- Known as Basic bismuth carbonate
BISMUTH SUBCARBONATE or BISMUTH SUBGALLATE
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- Protects the GI lining. Astringent, Antiseptic, Dusting powder
- Has Antacid effect = protects from hyperacidity
BISMUTH SUBCARBONATE
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- Protects the GI lining. Astringent, Antiseptic, Dusting powder
- Has greater Astringent effect
BISMUTH SUBGALLATE
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- Known as Basic Bismuth nitrate
BISMUTH SUBNITRATE
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- Protective, Astringent. Antiseptic, Dusting
powder
- Most effective Antiseptic
BISMUTH SUBNITRATE
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- Known as ‘Milk of Bismuth’ , ‘Bismuth cream’
BISMUTH MAGMA
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- Similar to Bismuth subcarbonate but less effective
BISMUTH MAGMA
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- Known as ‘Butter of bismuth’
BISMUTH TRICHLORIDE
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- With water it is “Pearl white”
- Used in manufacture of artificial pearls
BISMUTH TRICHLORIDE
GROUP VA - BISMUTH
- BISMUTH SUBSALICYLIC
there’s no description given
This group contains the elements:
- V, Cb, Ta
GROUP VB - THE VANADIUM GROUP
GROUP VB
- It is “Erythronium” (erythro = red) when heated with acids
- Rarely used in Treatment of Anemia
- Toxic
VANADIUM
GROUP VB
- Used as filament for electric lamps (before tungsten)
- Substitute for platinum for making standard weights (weights with fixed mass) and chemical apparatus
TANTALUM
