PICLEC: GROUP IVA & IVB Flashcards
Known as “Tetrels”
GROUP IV - THE CARBON GROUP
This group contains the following elements:
C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb
GROUP IVA
GROUP IVA
- This group are Allotropes and Amorphous
CARBON
GROUP IVA - CARBON
CRYSTALLINE:
- In its pure native form, and considered as the hardest substances and scored 10 on Mohr’s scale
- Its colorless, tinted or black crystal
DIAMOND
GROUP IVA - CARBON
CRYSTALLINE:
- Considered as soft, black shiny solid
- Its greek word “Graphein” = ‘to write’
- Utilized in lead pencils
GRAPHITE
GROUP IVA - CARBON
- Coal,charcoal, coke
AMORPHOUS
GROUP IVA - CARBON
- Known as ‘universal antidote’
- From destructive distillation of plant substances
- Adsorptive, used for the Treatment of stomach or intestinal disorders
ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
GROUP IVA - CARBON
- Originated from animal bone, purified by dissolving in HCl and water
- It is similar to activated charcoal but less adsorptive
PURIFIED ANIMAL CHARCOAL
GROUP IVA - CARBON
- Used with caution as Anthelminthic
- Main constituent of fire extinguishers
CARBON TETRACHLORIDE
GROUP IVA - CARBON
- Known as “carbonic acid gas”
CARBON DIOXIDE
GROUP IVA - CARBON
- Treatment of poisoning by CO, alcohol, methanol, morphine (Oxygen gas mixed with 5% CO2)
CARBON DIOXIDE
GROUP IVA - CARBON
- Remedy for skin disorder (e.g. acne, eczema, psoriasis, warts)
CARBON DIOXIDE SNOW (dry ice)
GROUP IVA - CARBON
- Solvent in rubber industry
CARBON DISULFIDE
GROUP IVA - SILICON
- Known as “Purified kieselguhr” and “Purified tripoli”; Diatomaceous Earth
PURIFIED SILICEOUS EARTH
GROUP IVA - SILICON
- A form of silica
- Used for absorbent and clarifying agent
- A polishing powder for metals
PURIFIED SILICEOUS EARTH
GROUP IVA - SILICON
- Known as “Silica”
SILICON DIOXIDE
GROUP IVA - SILICON
- Crystalline
- Amorphous
- Glass
SILICON DIOXIDE
GROUP IVA - SILICON
- Known as quartz
- Quartz with impurities = Gems
CRYSTALLINE
GROUP IVA - SILICON
- Agate, Jasper, Opal
AMORPHOUS
GROUP IVA - SILICON
- Mixture of various silicates
GLASS
GROUP IVA - SILICON
TYPE OF GLASS:
- Lead silicate + sodium silicate
- Known as the cheapest and common glass
SOFT GLASS
GROUP IVA - SILICON
TYPES OF GLASS:
- Potassium silicate + Mg/Al oxides
- Acid resistant
HARD GLASS
GROUP IVA - SILICON
TYPES OF GLASS:
- Low refraction, high dispersion (can dispense light)
- Used in making lenses for optical instruments
- Contains 50% lead
FLINT GLASS
GROUP IVA - SILICON
TYPES OF GLASS:
- High refraction, low dispersion
CROWN GLASS
GROUP IVA - SILICON
TYPES OF GLASS:
- Common in bottles
- Soft glass
SODA LIME
GROUP IVA - SILICON
TYPES OF GLASS:
- Very tough, lower coefficient for expansion
- Used in chemical glassware and cooking utensils
BOROSILICATE GLASS
GROUP IVA - GERMANIUM
- Stimulates formation of RBC (Erythrocytes)
Erythro = Red; Cytes = Cells
- Treatment of anemia (Hematinic)
GERMANIUM DIOXIDE
GROUP IVA
- Resistant to very weak acids and alkalis
- Used for household utensils, chemical apparatus
TIN
GROUP IVA - TIN
- Iron+tin (making tin cans)
TINPLATE
GROUP IVA - TIN
- For staphylococci infections
- For Dentrifice (Anti-cariogenic and Anti-cavities)
STANNIC OXIDE
GROUP IVA - TIN
- As dihydrate - Tin salt
- Used as mordant ( fixes the color/ the color stays)
STANNOUS CHLORIDE
GROUP IVA - TIN
- Known as “Fuming spirit of Libavius”
STANNIC CHLORIDE
GROUP IVA - TIN
- Known as “Artificial gold”
STANNIC SULFIDE
GROUP IVA
- Galena
- Used for plumbing, water pipes, making storage batteries and paint pigments
LEAD
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Principal primary ore of lead
GALENA
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Known as “Sugar of lead”
LEAD ACETATE
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- As Lotion - Astringent
- As Wash - Treatment of poison ivy
LEAD ACETATE
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Known as “Goulard’s Extract” ; Extract of Saturn
- Used as Astringent and Anti-inflammatory
LEAD SUBACETATE SOLUTION
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Known as “Lead water”
DILUTED LEAD SUBACETATE SOLUTION
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Known as “Litharge” ; Lead monoxide
LEAD OXIDE
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Used in preparation of Lead subacetate solution
LEAD OXIDE
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Known as “White lead”
LEAD CARBONATE
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- White lead
- Used for paint pigment
LEAD CARBONATE
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Known as “Cassel’s yellow”
LEAD CHLORIDE
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Used as Astringent
- As pigment - “Cassel’s yellow”
LEAD CHLORIDE
GROUP IVA - LEAD
- Known as “King’s yellow”
LEAD CHROMATE
This group contains the elements:
- Ti, Ze, Hf, Ce, Th
GROUP IVB- THE TITANIUM GROUP
GROUP IVB- THE TITANIUM GROUP
- Known as “Sons of the earth”
TITANIUM
GROUP IVB- THE TITANIUM GROUP
- Alloys (combination of metals) with steels
- Used in aircraft, spacecraft, and missiles
TITANIUM
GROUP IVB- THE TITANIUM GROUP
- Used as white pigment in creams and paints (pharmaceutical paints)
- Ward off light rays
- Used for sun-screen preparations
- Opacifying agent in capsule and tablet coatings
TITANIUM DIOXIDE
GROUP IVB- THE TITANIUM GROUP
- This element and its salts have little to no medicinal/pharmaceutical importance
ZIRCONIUM
GROUP IVB- CERIUM
- Used as Antiemetic (emetic/emesis=vomiting), especially during early stages of pregnancy
CERIUM OXALATE
